Question 1

The diagram below shows the tiny openings found on a leaf. Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

B. The tiny openings allow the exchange of gases.. The tiny openings shown are stomata on the leaf surface. Their function is to allow the exchange of gases (carbon dioxide in for photosynthesis, oxygen out, and water vapour out during transpiration). They do not make food, trap light, or absorb water from the surroundings.

Question 2

Minah drew a diagram with arrows A, B, C and D, to show the movement of food and water in a plant. Which one of the arrows is not correct?

Accepted Answer

B. B. Water travels upward from the roots through the stem to the leaves; food made in the leaves travels downward through the stem to the roots. Arrow B (solid line = water) is drawn going from the leaves down to the stem, but water should flow upward from the stem to the leaves. So arrow B shows the wrong direction.

Question 3

The diagram below shows parts W, X, Y and Z of a flowering plant. In which parts of the plant can both the food-carrying tubes and water-carrying tubes be found?

Accepted Answer

D. W, X, Y and Z. Both food-carrying tubes (phloem) and water-carrying tubes (xylem) form continuous vascular bundles that run throughout the entire plant — through leaves, flowers, fruits, stem and roots. So both tubes are present in every labelled part: W, X, Y and Z.

Question 4

Lisa observed flower A growing on a plant. She removed the food-carrying tubes at position X and Y as shown below. After a week, she observed that flower A had wilted and died while the leaves continued to grow healthily. Which of the following statements best explains her observations?

Accepted Answer

C. The flower died as it cannot receive food from the leaves.. Only the food-carrying tubes (phloem) were removed — the water-carrying tubes (xylem) are intact, so water still reaches the flower and the leaves. The leaves continue to make their own food by photosynthesis and stay healthy. But the flower above position X cannot receive food from the leaves because the phloem between it and the leaves was cut, so the flower wilts and dies.

Question 5

William carried out an experiment using the set-up below. He cut the stem of a celery into two parts and placed each part into a container of red-coloured water and a container of blue-coloured water. Which of the following observations about the set-up is likely to be true after three days?

Accepted Answer

C. Leaf A turned red while leaf B turned blue.. The celery stem was split lengthwise into two halves. Each half has its own water-carrying tubes (xylem) that run up to one specific leaf. The half sitting in red water transports red water up its tubes to leaf A, turning leaf A red. The half sitting in blue water transports blue water up its tubes to leaf B, turning leaf B blue.

Question 6

The diagram shows an adult flowering plant. Which row shows the correct direction in which food and water are being transported at part X of the plant?

Accepted Answer

D. food: upwards and downwards; water: upwards. Water is absorbed by the roots and transported upward through the water-carrying tubes (xylem) to the leaves — so at part X, water moves upwards. Food is made in the leaves and is transported through the food-carrying tubes (phloem) to wherever it is needed: downwards to the fruit and roots below, and upwards to any growing parts above. So at part X, food can travel both upwards and downwards.

Question 7

Peter set up an electrical circuit as shown in the diagram below. However, the bulb remained unlit. Which of the following could be the possible reason?

Accepted Answer

A. The bulb had fused.. The circuit appears complete with two correctly aligned batteries connected to the bulb by wires. Copper is a good conductor (so B is not a reason). A switch is not needed for a bulb to light (so C is not a reason). The batteries are shown aligned correctly (so D is not a reason). The remaining possibility is that the bulb's filament is broken — the bulb had fused.

Question 8

The diagram below shows a torch in working condition. Which diagram shows the correct circuit for the torch?

Accepted Answer

B. Circuit 2. A working torch needs a bulb, a switch and a battery (or batteries) connected in series in a closed loop so that closing the switch lets current flow through the bulb. Option 2 shows the bulb, switch and batteries connected in series to form a closed circuit, matching the torch.

Question 9

Gayathri set up four different circuits as shown below using identical batteries and bulbs, J, K, L and M. All electrical components are in working condition. Which of the following shows the correct arrangement of the brightness of the bulbs starting with the dimmest bulb to the brightest bulb?

Accepted Answer

D. L, M, K, J. Brightness depends on the voltage across each bulb. L (one battery powering two bulbs in series) is dimmest because the voltage is shared between two bulbs. M (two batteries powering two parallel branches of two bulbs in series) gives each bulb roughly the voltage of one battery — brighter than L. K (two batteries powering a mixed series-parallel arrangement) is brighter still. J (one battery with two bulbs in parallel, each receiving the full battery voltage) is brightest. Order from dimmest to brightest: L, M, K, J.

Question 10

Matthew made a circuit tester and a circuit card consisting of four steel paper clips, A, B, C and D. Some of the paper clips are connected by wires. The two ends of the circuit tester were connected to two different paper clips at a time. He recorded his observations in the table below. (Paper clips connected — Did the bulb light up? A and D — Yes; A and B — Yes; B and D — Yes; C and D — No.) The diagram below shows four possible ways the wires at the back of the circuit card, P, Q, R and S, can be connected to the paper clips. Which of the following show the circuit cards with the correct connections?

Accepted Answer

B. P and S only. From the observations, A-D, A-B and B-D all light the bulb, so paper clips A, B and D must all be electrically connected to one another. C-D does not light, so C is isolated from A, B and D. A correct card must connect A, B and D together while leaving C unconnected to them. Cards P and S satisfy this condition; cards Q and R do not (they either fail to connect all of A, B, D or accidentally connect C).

Question 11

Firdaus set up a circuit as shown below. All the bulbs and batteries are in working condition. Which of the following incorrectly shows the number of bulbs that will still be lit when one of the bulbs is fused?

Accepted Answer

A. W fused; 5 still lit. The circuit contains a total of 5 bulbs (W, X, Y, Z and one unlabelled bulb in the parallel group). Bulb W lies in the main loop, so if W fuses the whole circuit is broken and no bulb lights up — certainly not 5. Even ignoring the topology, the total is only 5 and one of those is W itself, so '5 still lit when W fuses' is impossible. Row (1) is therefore the incorrect statement.

Question 12

Ajay conducted an experiment with five objects, A, B, C, D and E. The results of his experiment are shown below. Based on the results of his experiment, which of the following circuits will the bulb not light up?

Accepted Answer

D. Parallel circuit with B and E. Deduce conductors from the four series tests: A-C lights, so A and C are conductors. D-A lights, so D is also a conductor. C-E does not light, but since C is a conductor, E must be a non-conductor. B-D does not light, but since D is a conductor, B must be a non-conductor. Conductors: A, C, D. Non-conductors: B, E. In a parallel circuit the bulb lights if at least one branch conducts. Option (4) places B and E (both non-conductors) in parallel, so neither branch conducts and the bulb will not light.

P5 Science CA2 2025 — St Hildas

Related papers