P5 Science SA2 2025 — Methodist Girls

Study the classification chart as shown below carefully. Which of the following headings correctly represent Groups J and K?

The three animals, A, B and C, belong to three different groups of animals. Which of the following characteristics can be used to classify them into three different groups?

The classification table below shows how some animals are classified. Which of the following best represent J, K, W and X?

Study the diagram below. Which of the following statements are correct? A The flower is pollinated by wind. B Tiny seeds are dispersed by wind. C The plant is a source of food for some insects. D Animals eat the fruits and pass out the seeds in the droppings.

Austin wrote some statements about humans, fish and plants. A The lungs and gills are part of the circulatory system. B Oxygen and carbon dioxide are carried by the blood in humans and fish. C Gaseous exchange takes place at the nose, gills and stomata (tiny openings in leaves). Which of his statement(s) is/are correct?

Moss is a tiny non-flowering plant. It grows well at the bottom of tree trunks in forests. Suresh wants to grow moss in his garden. How can he help the moss grow well?

Study the diagrams below. Which of the following matches the function of the different parts correctly?

Jane wants to investigate whether fertiliser Z will help chili plant to grow faster. She has only the items below (Chili plant seeds: 10, Fertiliser Z: 40 g). She used two identical clear containers with same amount of wet soil for her investigation. Which of the following shows the correct experimental and control set-up?

The table shows the types of gases in air that are taken in and given out by a human. Based on the information given, which statement is correct?

The following diagram shows a tiny opening of a leaf which can open and close. What is likely to happen when the tiny openings become larger?

Mr Chin removed an outer ring from the stem as shown below so that he could get bigger fruits. The food-carrying tubes were removed while the water-carrying tubes remained in the stem. What is / are the substance(s) found at A and B?

The diagram shows the direction of blood flow in certain parts of the body but some arrows are incorrect. Identify the correct sequence of blood flow as we breathe in air.

Which blood vessels contain less oxygen?

The map below shows the seed dispersal pattern of three types of plants, □, △ and ✕, growing in an area. Based on the map, which one of the following describes the characteristics of the fruit or seed of the plants?

Joshua cut the stalk of a celery into two equal parts and placed them into two containers with equal amount of water but different coloured dye added as shown. He observed that the leaves changed colour. Which of the following is the likely reason?

Cables are used to hang gondolas from the top of buildings, so that workers can paint the external walls of the buildings. Which property of the cables help to support the weight of the gondola?

Danny conducted an investigation using the set-up shown. The sealed container has a capacity of 1000 cm³. At the start, there was 400 cm³ of water in the container. Danny turned on the tap to release 200 cm³ of water from the container. Then, he pumped in 300 cm³ of air into the container. What was the final volume of water and air in the air-tight container?

Objects W, X, Y and Z are placed on similar balances as shown. Objects W, X, Y and Z have different mass. Which of the following observations is correct?

Gopal placed a beaker of water on a heating plate. He turned on the heating plate at point B and switched it off at point D. He measured the temperature of water from points A to E and drew a line graph to show the changes in the temperature of water over time. Based on Gopal's results, which of the following statements are true? A Evaporation took place at BC only. B There was heat gain at BC and CD. C At CD, water can be found in both liquid and gaseous states. D The volume of water in the beaker at point A is less than at point E.

The table below shows the melting and boiling points of substances P, Q and R (P: melting 39°C, boiling 80°C; Q: melting 15°C, boiling 63°C; R: melting 46°C, boiling 107°C). Which of the following correctly describes the state of each substance at 40 °C?

Joel left the set-up below under the Sun. The width of the opening at the base of the glass cone is adjustable. After a few hours, he measured the amount of water collected at the base of the glass cone. He repeated the experiment a few times. Each time, he changed one variable and kept the other variables the same. The results are shown in the graphs below. Which of the following correctly identified variables X and Y?

Weiming placed a rubber ball between a torch and a screen as shown in the diagram below (distance W between torch and ball, distance X between ball and screen). Which of the following graphs correctly shows how changes in distances W and X affect the height of the shadow?

Jennifer cut out three circles of the same size and thickness from different materials A, B and C. The properties of the materials are shown below (A: allows some light to pass through; B: allows most light to pass through; C: does not allow light to pass through). She placed the circles at different positions between a torchlight and a screen in the set-up below. Next, she repeated the experiment and changed the positions of the circles. Which of the following are possible shadows that Jennifer can observe on the screen?

Betsy prepared three pots of water and added four similar meatballs to each pot. A meatball sinks when it is uncooked but floats once it is fully cooked. Which two pots should she choose if she wants to find out if the amount of heat affects the time taken for the meatballs to cook? (Pot W: 900 ml at 50°C; Pot X: 900 ml at 90°C; Pot Y: 500 ml at 50°C; Pot Z: 900 ml at 90°C)

Chef Remy transfers pizzas in and out of an oven using the two pizza peels, J and K, made of the same material Q shown below. When removing a cooked pizza from the hot oven, Chef Remy uses Peel J and his hand feels hot faster. When he uses Peel K, he is able to remove a cooked pizza with less discomfort. Which of the following best explains why?

Meena placed three metal rods, A, B and C on a clear plastic sheet as shown in the diagram below. The plastic sheet allows magnetism to pass through. She placed a magnet under the plastic sheet and brought it close to rod A before she let go of the magnet. She repeated her experiment with rods B and C and recorded her observations: Rod A — remained upright and the magnet fell to the ground; Rod B — remained upright and the magnet stuck to the bottom of the plastic sheet; Rod C — toppled over and the magnet fell to the ground. Which of the following correctly identifies metal rods A, B and C?

Ali conducted an experiment with three magnetised steel nails, P, Q and R. Each steel nail was stroked by a magnet for different number of times. He brought nail P towards a metal clip until it was attracted to the nail, and measured the distance x, as shown below. He repeated the experiment with nails Q and R and recorded his results in the table below (P: distance x = 4 cm; Q: distance x = 1 cm; R: distance x = 7 cm). Which of the following shows the most likely number of times each steel nail was stroked?

Mingli used three different materials, X, Y and Z, to set up two circuits, P and Q, as shown below. She observed that the bulb in Circuit P did not light up but the bulb in Circuit Q lighted up. Which materials, X, Y and/or Z, are conductors of electricity?

The diagrams below show a circuit tester and how wires in a circuit card are connected. Which one of the following tables below shows the correct observations when the circuit card is tested with the circuit tester?

Jerry set up four circuits, A, B, C and D, using identical batteries and bulbs in working condition as shown below. In which circuits will bulb W have the same brightness?

(a) State what digestion is. [1] (b) Explain how chewing of food helps to increase the rate of digestion. [1] (c) The amount of undigested food decreases as it passes through each of the organs, B, C and D. Do you agree? Explain your answer. From B to C: ____ From C to D: ____ [2]

(a) Draw the life cycle of a flowering plant, using only words and arrows. [1] Michael investigated the effect of light on the germination of plant P. He placed three seeds in each of two identical containers, R and S, and watered them daily. R was placed in a well-lit room while S was placed in a dark room. Both rooms were kept at the same temperature. He observed the following on Day 7. (b) What could Michael conclude from his observation? [1] (c) Michael later also observed that seed leaves became smaller and even dropped off. Give a reason. [1] The line graph showed the effect of fertiliser X on the height of plant P. (d) Based on above results, what could Michael conclude about the effectiveness of fertiliser X on the growth of plant P? [2]

The diagrams below show parts of plant X. (a) Name two processes that allow plant X to develop its fruits and seeds from flower. [1] (b) State the part of the flower that the fruit and seed are developed from. (Table: Part of the flower — Fruit: ____ ; Seeds: ____) [1] (c)(i) During windy season, which seed, X or Y, would be carried further away from its parent plant? Explain in terms of the seed's characteristics. [1] (c)(ii) Explain why it is advantageous for seeds to be dispersed further away from its parent plant. [2]

John went for a swim in the evening. He realised that his heart rate changed. (a) How did John's heart rate change? Explain your answer. [2] (b) Complete the bar graph below to show the amount of oxygen in the blood transported to his leg muscles when he is swimming. [1]

Bee has larva and pupa stages. (a) State two ways a larva is different from a pupa. [1] Bees are commonly found near flowering plants. Debby wanted to investigate how substance N affected the number of times the bees visited the flowers. Study her two set-ups below (Flower A without substance N; Flower B with substance N). (b) Describe how substance N affected the number of times the bees visited both flowers from 8 a.m. to 12 p.m. [2]

Suresh conducted an experiment to test the property of a material. A strip of metal X was clamped at the edge of a table and a tray was hung at the end of the strip. Different amount of weights were then placed in the tray and the distance bent by the strip, d, was measured. He repeated the experiment with metal Y of the same length and thickness and recorded his results in the table below (Mass 20 g: X 2.0, Y 1.0; 30 g: X 3.5, Y 2.0; 40 g: X 5.0, Y 3.0; 50 g: X 6.5, Y 4.0 cm). (a) State the property of the metals that Suresh was investigating. [1] (b) Explain how keeping the thickness of each metal strip the same will ensure a fair test. [1] The picture below shows a jump board which allows Suresh's sister, Riana, to jump many times as high as she could before jumping into the pool. (c) Based on Suresh's results, which metal, X or Y, is more suitable to be used to make the jump board? Explain your answer. [1]

(a) State what freezing is. [1] Mr Thomas took a packet of frozen vegetables from his freezer and placed it on a table. After some time, he noticed thin layers of white solid forming on the surface of the packet of vegetables. (b) Explain how the white solid was formed. [2] (c) After some time, the layers of white solid disappeared and the packet was dry. Explain why. [1]

Jon set up an experiment connecting an iron nail to an electric circuit and placed it 2 cm above a tray of steel pins as shown in the diagram below. After he closed the switch, he counted the number of steel pins attracted. He repeated the experiment with different lengths of iron nail and recorded the results in the table below (Length 3 cm, 18 coils, 3 pins; 4 cm, 18 coils, 4 pins; 5 cm, 18 coils, 3 pins; 6 cm, 18 coils, 4 pins). (a) Based on the results of Jon's experiment, state the relationship between the length of iron nail and the magnetic strength of the electromagnet. [1] (b) Without changing the distance between the iron nail and tray of steel pins, state two ways Jon could increase the number of steel pins attracted by the electromagnet. [1] (c)(i) Jon's friend, Susan, labelled one end of the electromagnet as Z. She told him that Z is the south pole. Describe how Susan could prove that Z is the south pole of the electromagnet. [2] (c)(ii) Jon installed a door-lock system as shown below. When the switch is closed, part X moves towards the iron bar found under the wooden door frame. This allows the glass door to swing towards the door frame and the door is locked. State a property of part X that allows the door-lock system to work as described. Explain your answer. [1]

Mike created a set-up using a metal plate and a container of Gel A as shown in the diagram below. He heated the metal plate to 90 °C and placed it at one end of the container. After 20 minutes, he measured the temperature of Gel A at the other end of the container using a temperature sensor. He repeated the experiment twice using Gel B and C respectively. His data is recorded in the table below (Gel A: start 23°C, after 20 min 50°C; Gel B: start 23°C, after 85°C; Gel C: start 23°C, after 60°C). (a) Besides keeping the starting temperature of the gel the same, what else must Mike ensure the same for the gel? [1] (b) State a property of heat that is demonstrated in Mike's experiment. [1] On a hot day, to help his pet dog cool down faster after a walk, Mike placed a cooling mat for it to rest on as shown below. (c) Based on the results of Mike's experiment, which gel, A, B or C, should the mat be filled with? Explain your answer. [2]

Yulin sets up an electric circuit using identical bulbs and batteries as shown below. All the circuit components are working. (a) When she closed the switch, the bulbs did not light up. Use a pencil to complete the circuit below: correct the mistake(s) in Yulin's circuit; use '+' to mark the positive terminal of the remaining two batteries; connect the bulbs such that if one blows, the other will remain lit. [3] (b) State a disadvantage of connecting the bulbs in the arrangement in (a). [1]