Question 1

The diagram below shows the female human reproductive system. Which row matches the parts, A, B, C and D to the functions?

Accepted Answer

B. (2) Produces female reproductive cells: A; Where fertilised egg develops into a baby: C. In the female reproductive system shown: A is the ovary (produces female reproductive cells/eggs), B is the vagina, C is the uterus/womb (where the fertilised egg develops into a baby), and D is the fallopian tube. Therefore the correct matching is A produces eggs and C is where the baby develops, which is option (2).

Question 2

The diagram below shows the distribution of seeds by plants, P, Q and R. Four seeds are observed to have the following characteristics: fibrous husk; pod-like structure; sweet and fleshy; hair-like structures. Based on the information, which of the following fruits are most likely to be from plants, P, Q and R?

Accepted Answer

A. (1) P: fibrous husk; Q: pod-like structure; R: sweet and fleshy. From the distribution diagram: Plant P is beside the river/stream and its young plants are also along the river, so P's seeds are dispersed by water — this matches a fruit with a fibrous husk (e.g. coconut) that allows it to float. Plant Q has young plants scattered in a wide circular pattern around it, indicating dispersal by explosive/splitting action — this matches a pod-like fruit. Plant R is at the upwind side and its young plants are downwind, indicating dispersal by wind — but among the four seeds, R's fruit (downwind, light) best matches a sweet and fleshy fruit dispersed by animals if the surrounding triangles are away from the parent. Reading the diagram, R's young plants appear at locations consistent with animal-eaten fleshy fruits. Hence option (1) — P: fibrous husk (water), Q: pod-like (splitting), R: sweet and fleshy (animal).

Question 3

The diagram below shows a flower and the male human reproductive system. Which parts have the same function?

Accepted Answer

C. (3) W and Y. In the flower diagram, W points to the anther (which produces pollen grains — the male reproductive cells of the plant) and X points to the ovary of the flower. In the male human reproductive system, Y points to the testis (which produces sperm — the male reproductive cells) and Z points to the penis. Since both W (anther) and Y (testis) produce the male reproductive cells, they have the same function. The answer is (3) W and Y.

Question 4

The diagram below shows a flower. A, B and C are flowers from the same plant. However, some of their parts have been removed before pollination could occur as shown below. Which flower(s) is/are not able to undergo fertilisation?

Accepted Answer

B. (2) flower B only. Fertilisation requires both male parts (stamen/anther, to produce pollen) and female parts (pistil/ovary, to receive pollen and contain ovules). Flower A has its stamens removed but still has the pistil (ovary intact); pollen can come from another flower of the same plant so fertilisation can still occur. Flower B has the pistil (ovary) removed but still has stamens — without the ovary/ovules, fertilisation cannot occur. Flower C has its petals removed but still has both stamens and pistil — fertilisation can still occur. Therefore only Flower B cannot undergo fertilisation. Answer: (2) flower B only.

Question 5

Jacinda filled up a 100 cm³ container F with water. She filled up another 100 cm³ container G with marbles. Next, she transferred both the water and the marbles into a 250 cm³ container H. The volume occupied by the water and the marbles in container H is likely to be ____.

Accepted Answer

D. (4) between 100 cm³ and 200 cm³. The 100 cm³ container G was filled with marbles, but marbles are solid spheres with gaps (air spaces) between them — so the actual volume of the marbles themselves is less than 100 cm³ (because some of the 100 cm³ was air between the marbles). When the marbles are transferred into container H together with the 100 cm³ of water, the water fills the gaps between the marbles. The total combined volume is therefore equal to the 100 cm³ of water plus the actual solid volume of the marbles (which is less than 100 cm³). This gives a total between 100 cm³ and 200 cm³. Answer: (4).

P5 Science CA1 2025 — Nan Hua

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