Question 1

The diagram below shows the different parts of a flower. Which parts of the flower will develop into a fruit with seeds?

Accepted Answer

D. E and F. After fertilisation, the ovary develops into the fruit and the ovules develop into the seeds. In the labelled flower diagram, parts E and F correspond to the ovary and ovules, which together develop into a fruit with seeds.

Question 2

The table below describes fruits P, Q, R and S. Based on the table, which statement best explains the method of dispersal of the fruit?

Accepted Answer

B. Fruit S is dispersed by water because it has a fibrous husk.. A fibrous husk traps air, helping the fruit float on water, so Fruit S is dispersed by water. Hooks indicate animal dispersal (not water), and having many seeds or rough skin are not specific indicators of animal dispersal — fruits dispersed by animals are usually juicy and fleshy.

Question 3

Samuel used three similar fruits and cut off parts of the wing-like structure of fruits B and C as shown below. Samuel stood on a chair and dropped the fruits one by one in front of a fan that was blowing at a constant speed. He recorded the time taken for each fruit to reach the ground. Samuel was trying to find out if the ____ affected the time taken for the fruit to reach the ground.

Accepted Answer

B. size of the wing-like structure. All three fruits still have a wing-like structure, but the wings have been cut to different sizes (fruit A whole, fruit B with one side cut, fruit C with both sides cut shorter). Since only the size of the wing varies while fan speed and drop height are kept constant, the variable being investigated is the size of the wing-like structure.

Question 4

Study the diagram below. Which of the following is correct?

Accepted Answer

C. Process(es) at X: pollination and fertilisation; Process(es) at Y: dispersal and germination. An adult plant produces a seed only after pollination and fertilisation (process X). The seed must then be dispersed and then germinate to grow into a young plant (process Y). Hence X = pollination and fertilisation; Y = dispersal and germination.

Question 5

The diagram below shows the human female reproductive system. Which of the following parts A, B, C or D does the fertilised egg grow and develop in?

Accepted Answer

C. C. The fertilised egg implants and develops in the uterus (womb). In the diagram, C labels the uterus, the muscular pear-shaped organ in which the baby grows.

Question 6

The diagram below shows the reproductive cells of a male and female human. Which of the following correctly describes humans A and B and the process as shown in the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A. Human A: female; Human B: male; Process: fertilisation. The large round cell is the egg (ovum) from the female (A), and the small tadpole-shaped cell with a tail is the sperm from the male (B). The sperm entering/fusing with the egg shows fertilisation.

Question 7

The diagrams below show the reproductive parts of a human and a flowering plant. Which of the following parts of the flowering plant has the same function as part E?

Accepted Answer

B. B. Part E of the human (testis) produces the male reproductive cells (sperm). In a flower, the male reproductive cells (pollen) are produced by the anther. In the flower diagram, B labels the anther, so B has the same function as E.

Question 8

The diagram below represents the changes in the states of water. Which of the following does A, B, C and D represent?

Accepted Answer

A. A: condensation; B: evaporation; C: freezing; D: melting. Arrow A goes from gas → liquid, which is condensation. Arrow B goes from liquid → gas, which is evaporation. Arrow C goes from liquid → solid, which is freezing. Arrow D goes from solid → liquid, which is melting.

Question 9

A glass was filled with some water and ice. Water droplets were formed on the outside of the glass within the next two minutes. What was the reason for the water droplets to appear on the outside of the glass?

Accepted Answer

C. The water vapour in the surrounding air condensed on the outside of the glass.. The outside surface of the cold glass is at a lower temperature than the surrounding air. Water vapour in the warmer surrounding air loses heat to the cold glass surface and condenses into liquid water droplets on the outside.

Question 10

Aaron saw his ice cream melting on a hot day. He made the following statements about the ice cream. A: The temperature of the ice cream increased. B: The ice cream gained heat from Aaron's hand. C: The melted ice cream on the floor was gaining heat from the surroundings. Which statements are correct?

Accepted Answer

D. A, B and C. On a hot day, the ice cream gains heat both from Aaron's warmer hand and from the warmer surroundings, so its temperature increases until it melts. Even after melting and falling on the floor, the liquid ice cream is still cooler than the surroundings, so it continues to gain heat. All three statements are correct.

P5 Science CA1 2021 — Catholic High

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