How Parachutes Slow You Down

Science Interactive lesson Free to play

A parachute slows a falling person by greatly increasing air resistance — the upward push that air exerts on anything moving through it. When a skydiver falls, gravity pulls them straight down, but the air they fall through pushes back. A parachute works by opening into a wide canopy that has to shove a large amount of air out of the way, so the air pushes back much harder than it would on a small, compact body.

The key idea is that a bigger surface catches more air, creating more resistance. As the canopy fills, the upward air resistance grows until it nearly balances the downward pull of gravity. When the two forces are almost equal, the falling speed stops increasing and settles into a slow, steady drift — which is why a skydiver lands gently instead of crashing.

Learners come away understanding three linked concepts: gravity always pulls objects downward, air resistance pushes back against falling things, and increasing surface area increases that resistance. These are the same ideas behind why feathers, leaves and open umbrellas fall slowly.

▶ Play the lesson — free, no signup

Want to create your own Spark? Sign up free — type any skill and LearnBuddy builds you a playable lesson.

Sign up free to create your own Spark

What this Spark covers

Frequently asked questions

Why does a parachute make you fall more slowly?
Its wide canopy has to push aside a large amount of air, and that air pushes back with a strong upward force called air resistance. This force opposes gravity, so the falling speed drops to a gentle, steady drift.
Does a bigger parachute slow you down more?
Yes. A larger surface catches and pushes against more air, which increases the upward air resistance. That is why parachutes are made wide rather than small.
What two forces act on a skydiver?
Gravity pulls the skydiver downward, and air resistance pushes upward against their motion. When the parachute opens, these two forces become almost equal, so the skydiver floats down at a constant, safe speed.
Why does a skydiver fall fast before the parachute opens?
A person's body is small and compact, so it pushes aside very little air and feels only weak air resistance. With little to oppose gravity, they speed up — until the parachute opens and dramatically increases the resistance.
Is this the same reason a feather falls slowly?
Yes. A feather has a large surface compared to its tiny weight, so air resistance has a big effect and it drifts down gently. A parachute uses the same principle to slow a much heavier person.

More Sparks like this

Loved this Spark? Sign up free for AskBuddy AI tutoring, past-year papers, and unlimited Sparks.

Sign up free →