Question 1

Study diagrams A, B, C and D. Each represents a stage in the life cycle of a butterfly. Which of the following options shows the correct life cycle of a butterfly?

Accepted Answer

(2) C → A → D → B (cycle). The correct life cycle of a butterfly is: egg → caterpillar (larva) → pupa → adult butterfly. In the diagrams: A = caterpillar, B = adult butterfly, C = egg, D = pupa. The correct sequence is C → A → D → B, which corresponds to option (2).

Question 2

During a Science lesson, some students observed Animal Z. The following observations were made about Animal Z: Eggs are laid in water — X (No); Has a pupa stage — ✓ (Yes); The young looks like its adult — X (No); The adult has wings — ✓ (Yes). Based on their observations above, what could Animal Z be? A: Mosquito  B: Beetle  C: Cockroach  D: Bird

Accepted Answer

(1) B only. Animal Z does not lay eggs in water (rules out mosquito), has a pupa stage (rules out cockroach, which has no pupa stage; also rules out bird, which has no pupa stage), young does not look like adult (complete metamorphosis), and adult has wings. Only a beetle fits all four criteria.

Question 3

A magnet can be made from ____.

Accepted Answer

(3) iron and steel. Magnets are made from magnetic materials. Iron and steel are both magnetic materials and can be made into magnets. Copper and plastic are non-magnetic. Not all metals are magnetic (e.g., copper, aluminium are not).

Question 4

The diagram below shows a toy car with a magnet attached to its back. Object A is attached to a stick. When the stick is placed near the back of the car, the car moves forward and away from the object. What could Object A be?

Accepted Answer

(2) Magnet. The car has a magnet at its back and moves AWAY from Object A. Like poles of magnets repel each other. For the car to be repelled (pushed away), Object A must also be a magnet whose pole facing the car is the same as the car's magnet pole. A steel button would attract (pull the car closer), not repel.

Question 5

The diagram below shows two setups. Observe the interaction between Z, W and Y. Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

(2) Y has a stronger magnetic strength than W.. In Setup 1, bar Z rests on top of W (W is on the base, supporting Z above it). In Setup 2, bar Z is raised/floating above Y (Y is on the base; Z is repelled and held up at a greater distance, or attracted strongly enough to be held higher). The fact that Y holds Z up higher (or with greater force) than W does shows that Y has stronger magnetic strength than W. W, Y, Z need not all be iron — at least one of W/Y/Z must be a magnet.

Question 6

Which of the following is/are a source(s) of light? A: Star  B: Sun  C: Moon  D: Unlit candle

Accepted Answer

(2) A and B only. A source of light gives off its own light. Stars (including the Sun) produce their own light. The Moon does not produce light — it only reflects sunlight. An unlit candle does not give off any light. Therefore, only A (Star) and B (Sun) are sources of light.

Question 7

A periscope is used to see items at a greater height. Which of the following explains why the user can see the ball? A: Light travels in straight lines.  B: Light can be reflected.  C: Light travels from a higher place to a lower place.  D: Light can pass through transparent objects.

Accepted Answer

(3) A and B only. A periscope works by reflecting light off two mirrors set at 45°. Light from the ball travels in a straight line, is reflected off the top mirror, travels in a straight line again, is reflected off the bottom mirror and enters the user's eye. Both 'light travels in straight lines' (A) and 'light can be reflected' (B) are needed. Light does not need to travel from high to low (C is wrong), and light does not need to pass through transparent objects in a periscope (D is wrong).

Question 8

Holes are cut in sheets A and B as shown in the diagram below. Both sheets are of the same thickness and height. Sheets A and B are then pasted together and a light is shone on them. A shadow is cast on the screen as seen below. Based on the shadow formed, which of the following correctly represents the materials used to make Sheets A and B?

Accepted Answer

(4) Sheet A: clear glass; Sheet B: rubber sheet. The shadow shows the outline of the triangle (Sheet B) only, with a small round hole of light visible through Sheet B's hole. The square outline of Sheet A is NOT visible in the shadow — this means Sheet A is transparent (allows all light to pass through, casting no shadow). Sheet B casts a clear triangular shadow — meaning it is opaque (blocks light). Option (4): clear glass (transparent) for A and rubber sheet (opaque) for B is correct. Other options have either both opaque or both transparent, or wrong combinations.

Question 9

Which of the following is not a source of heat?

Accepted Answer

(4) A ceramic cup. A source of heat gives off its own heat. A lit bulb, lighted match, and lighted candle all produce and give off heat. A ceramic cup does not give off its own heat — it can only hold heat from something hot placed in it. Therefore, the ceramic cup is NOT a source of heat.

P4 Science SA1 2025 — Red Swastika

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