Question 1

Study the classification chart below. Which of the following best represents the fruit shown below?

Accepted Answer

(2) X. The fruit shown is a papaya, which has smooth skin and many seeds. According to the classification chart, smooth skin with many seeds corresponds to X.

Question 2

Which of the following about living things is not true?

Accepted Answer

(3) Living things need only air and water to survive.. Living things need air, water, AND food (and other conditions) to survive — not only air and water. Statements 1, 2 and 4 are all true characteristics of living things.

Question 3

Johari observed two animals, S and T. He recorded his observations in the table below. Based on the table above, what could Animal S and Animal T be?

Accepted Answer

(2) Animal S: Frog, Animal T: Mosquito. Animal S lays eggs in water but has no pupa stage — this matches a frog (three-stage life cycle: egg → tadpole → adult). Animal T lays eggs in water and has a pupa stage — this matches a mosquito (four-stage life cycle: egg → larva → pupa → adult).

Question 4

David found an insect in the garden. A, B, C and D are the various stages in the life cycle of this insect. Which of the following represents the life cycle of this insect?

Accepted Answer

(4) A → B → C → D (B → D → C → A). The insect shown is a beetle with complete metamorphosis: egg (B) → larva (D, worm-like) → pupa (C) → adult beetle (A) → back to egg. Option (4) shows the cycle A → B → D → C → A which matches egg-larva-pupa-adult sequence.

Question 5

Study the diagram below. A, B, C and D are parts of the digestive system. Which parts of the system produce digestive juices?

Accepted Answer

(1) A, B and C only. Parts that produce digestive juices in the human digestive system are the mouth (A), stomach (B) and small intestine/pancreas (C). The large intestine (D) does not produce digestive juices — it absorbs water.

Question 6

Jasmine is playing badminton with her friend. Which of the following systems work together to help her play badminton? A Skeletal system B Muscular system C Circulatory system D Respiratory system

Accepted Answer

(4) A, B, C and D. Playing badminton requires the skeletal system (bones for movement), muscular system (muscles to move arms/legs), circulatory system (deliver oxygen and nutrients), and respiratory system (provide oxygen and remove carbon dioxide). All four systems work together.

Question 7

Study the picture of the plant below. What is/are the function(s) of the part X? A Holds the plant upright B Absorbs water for the plant C Holds the plant firmly to the ground

Accepted Answer

(4) A, B and C. Part X is the root of the plant. Roots perform three main functions: hold the plant upright (A), absorb water (and minerals) for the plant (B), and anchor/hold the plant firmly to the ground (C). All three statements are correct.

Question 8

An experiment was conducted to measure the amount of red-coloured water absorbed by four different materials, A, B, C and D. The materials were cut into strips of equal length, size and thickness. They were dipped into the water as shown in the diagram below. After 10 minutes, the amount of red-coloured water absorbed by the four rectangular strips are shown in the diagram below. Based on the results above, which material, A, B, C or D, is most suitable for making Part Y of the raincoat as shown below?

Accepted Answer

(1) A. A raincoat must be made of waterproof material that does not absorb water. From the diagram, Material A absorbed no water (water level on strip A is still at 0), making it the most suitable for the raincoat's outer surface (Part Y).

Question 9

Dayna took some ice cubes from the freezer and put them into a jug as shown below. Which property/properties of the ice changed after 3 hours? A mass B state C colour D shape

Accepted Answer

(4) B and D only. After 3 hours, the ice (solid) melted into water (liquid) so the STATE changed (B). The SHAPE also changed because solid ice cubes have a fixed shape but liquid water takes the shape of the jug (D). Mass remains the same (jug was covered, no escape), colour remains the same (both colourless).

Question 10

Keith has a block of plasticine, which has a mass of 500 g and a volume of 100 cm³. He pressed the block of plasticine and observed that its shape has changed. Which of the following correctly represents the mass and volume of the block of plasticine after it was pressed?

Accepted Answer

(3) Mass: 500 g, Volume: 100 cm³. When plasticine is pressed and its shape changes, neither its mass nor its volume changes — no material is added or removed, and the substance is not compressed (plasticine is a solid with definite volume). Mass remains 500 g and volume remains 100 cm³.

Question 11

Jacob arranged some magnets as shown below. In which pair of set-ups would the two magnets repel each other?

Accepted Answer

(3) B and D. Like poles repel; unlike poles attract. Set-up A: N facing S — attract. Set-up B: S facing S — repel. Set-up C: S facing rectangular bar with no labelled pole touching the N-S magnet — depends on labelled pole. Set-up D: S facing N — attract. Looking carefully: B (S-S facing) repels, and based on the marking scheme answer key the correct pair that repels is B and D. Note: the marking scheme indicates answer (4) C and D, since in B and D the same poles face each other based on the diagram orientations.

Question 12

Jane suspended three identical magnets from a fixed rod using identical springs. She then placed objects X, Y and Z, below the magnets as shown in the diagram below. She recorded the lengths of the spring in the table below. Based only on the information given above, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

(4) Object Z is made of a non-magnetic material.. For Object X, spring stretched from 3 cm to 6 cm — object X pulled the magnet down (attracts it, so X is magnetic). For Object Y, spring shortened from 3 cm to 1 cm — object Y pushed the magnet up (repels it, so Y is a magnet). For Object Z, spring length remained 3 cm (no change) — no force between Z and the magnet, so Z is made of a non-magnetic material.

Question 13

Clara poured some cold milk into a flask and placed it in a basin of hot water as shown in the diagram below. She left the set-up below in a room at 30°C for an hour. Which one of the following graphs represents the changes in the temperatures of the cold milk and hot water over an hour?

Accepted Answer

(2) Graph 2 — hot water decreases, cold milk increases, they meet at 30°C. Heat flows from the hot water (higher temperature) to the cold milk (lower temperature) until they reach the same temperature (thermal equilibrium). The hot water temperature DECREASES while the cold milk temperature INCREASES, and they meet at the same final temperature. The room is at 30°C so the system tends toward 30°C. Graph (2) correctly shows hot water cooling down (dashed line decreasing) and cold milk warming up (solid line increasing) meeting around 30°C.

Question 14

Some ice cubes were dropped into a glass of hot coffee. Which of the following changes will most likely take place? A The ice cubes will gain heat. B The hot coffee will lose heat. C The temperature of the coffee will remain the same.

Accepted Answer

(3) A and B only. When ice cubes are dropped into hot coffee, heat flows from the hot coffee (loses heat, so B is true) to the cold ice cubes (gain heat, so A is true). The coffee's temperature drops, so C is false. Both A and B are correct.

P4 Science SA1 2023 — Red Swastika

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