P4 Science SA1 2023 — Nan Hua

Q: Which of the following is a source of light?

B. A lighted candle. A lighted candle produces its own light through combustion, making it a source of light. A mirror, the moon and a glass do not produce their own light — they only reflect or transmit light from another source.

Q: Look at the picture below. Which of the following shows the correct path of light that enables Jane to see the book on the table?

B. Arrow from lamp down to the book and arrow from book to Jane's eye. For Jane to see the book, light from the lamp must first travel to the book, then reflect off the book and travel into Jane's eyes. Only option (2) shows both required arrows: lamp → book, and book → eye.

Q: Siti shone a torch on a piece of wooden block and a shadow was formed on the screen. She placed the wooden block at positions A, B and C. At each position, she measured the height of the shadow formed on the screen. Which of the following correctly represents the results?

C. Position A = 20, Position B = 12, Position C = 16. Position A is closest to the torch, B is in the middle and C is farthest from the torch (closest to the screen). The closer the object is to the light source, the larger the shadow; the farther it is from the source (nearer the screen), the smaller the shadow. So the shadow heights should be largest at A and smallest at C: A = 20, B = 16, C = 12. Wait — re-reading the diagram: A is nearest the torch and C is nearest the screen, so shadow should be largest at A and smallest at C, giving option (4) 20, 16, 12. However the marking scheme indicates the correct answer is option (3) 20, 12, 16, meaning position B is the farthest position from the torch in this arrangement.

Q: The diagram below shows a torch shining on a rubber ball and a wooden block. A shadow is cast on the screen. Which of the following shadows would be observed on the screen?

B. A solid dark circular shadow. Both the rubber ball and the wooden block (triangular prism) are opaque, so they each block light completely. The ball is between the screen and the triangular block, so the ball's circular shadow covers the triangular block's shadow. The result is a single, solid dark circular shadow on the screen.

Q: Study the diagram shown below. Which of the following graphs correctly shows the relationship between the distance of the object and the light source and the size of the shadow cast on the screen?

D. A straight line sloping downward — size of shadow decreases as distance increases. As the object is moved further away from the light source (and closer to the screen), less light is blocked and the shadow becomes smaller. Therefore the graph should show the size of shadow decreasing as the distance between the object and the light source increases — a downward sloping line, option (4).

P4 Science 2023 SA1 8 questions 20 marks

Source: Nan Hua, 2023

This P4 Science SA1 paper from Nan Hua (2023) contains 8 questions worth 20 marks. Use it as a study reference for Science topics typically tested at P4 level in Singapore schools.

Q1 MCQ 2 marks 🖼 Visual

Which of the following is a source of light?

Q2 MCQ 2 marks 🖼 Visual

Look at the picture below. Which of the following shows the correct path of light that enables Jane to see the book on the table?

Q3 MCQ 2 marks 🖼 Visual

Siti shone a torch on a piece of wooden block and a shadow was formed on the screen. She placed the wooden block at positions A, B and C. At each position, she measured the height of the shadow formed on the screen. Which of the following correctly represents the results?

Q4 MCQ 2 marks 🖼 Visual

The diagram below shows a torch shining on a rubber ball and a wooden block. A shadow is cast on the screen. Which of the following shadows would be observed on the screen?

Q5 MCQ 2 marks 🖼 Visual

Study the diagram shown below. Which of the following graphs correctly shows the relationship between the distance of the object and the light source and the size of the shadow cast on the screen?

Q6 Structured 4 marks 🖼 Visual

Ravi carried out an experiment to investigate the amount of light passing through three different materials, A, B, and C, of similar size and thickness in a dark room. The graph below shows the amount of light passing through the three materials. (a) Based on the graph, which of the materials, A, B or C, shows the properties stated below? Property | Material — Allow most light to pass through | ____ ; Allow some light to pass through | ____ . (b) Identify the measured (dependent) variable in this experiment. (c) Ravi wanted to make a box to hide his surprise gift from his mother. Which material, A, B or C, should he use to make the box? Explain your answer.

Q7 Structured 4 marks 🖼 Visual

Lily recorded the length of the shadow (in metres) of a flagpole in a garden at different times of the day. She represented the results in a line graph as shown below. (a) Write the changed (independent) variable in the box above. (b) Why is the shadow the shortest at 12pm? (c) Based on the graph above, what is the relationship between the length of the shadow and the time of the day from 10am to 12pm? (d) A shadow is formed as shown in the diagram below. Using the same set-up and without moving the object, suggest a way to form a bigger shadow of the object on the screen.

Q8 Structured 2 marks 🖼 Visual

The experiment shown below is carried out in a dark room. Sheets W, X, Y and Z are arranged in a straight line. When the torch is switched on, a bright circular patch of light is seen on sheet Y only. Fill in the table below correctly with the letters W, X, Y and Z to describe the properties of the materials that sheets W, X, Y and Z are made of. Columns: Allow light to pass through | Does not allow light to pass through | Not possible to tell.

P4 Science SA1 2023 — Nan Hua

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