Question 1

In the human digestive system, which part contains the most amount of digested food?
(1) mouth
(2) stomach
(3) small intestine
(4) large intestine

Accepted Answer

(3) small intestine. The small intestine is the primary site for the absorption of digested food nutrients into the bloodstream, making it the part that contains the most amount of digested food.

Question 2

Sally conducted an experiment by pouring 400 ml of water into each of four identical beakers. She then gently placed objects, P, Q, R, and Sinto each beaker as shown below.
Based only on the above observations, which one of the following statements is definitely correct?
(1) Object Q has the greatest mass,
(2) Object R has a volume of 200 ml.
(3) Object S has the smallest volume.
(4) Object P and Q have the same volume.

Accepted Answer

(3) Object S has the smallest volume.. The initial water level in each beaker is 400 ml. The volume of a submerged object is calculated by the water displacement:
- Object P: Water level rises to 800 ml. Volume of P = 800 ml - 400 ml = 400 ml.
- Object Q: Water level rises to 700 ml. Volume of Q = 700 ml - 400 ml = 300 ml.
- Object R: Water level rises to 600 ml. The submerged volume of R is 600 ml - 400 ml = 200 ml. Since R is floating, its total volume is greater than 200 ml.
- Object S: Water level rises to 500 ml. Volume of S = 500 ml - 400 ml = 100 ml.
Comparing the calculated volumes: P (400 ml), Q (300 ml), S (100 ml). Object S has the smallest volume (100 ml). Therefore, statement (3) is correct.

Question 3

Study the human digestive system below.
Which of the following is correct?

Accepted Answer

(2) X Y Z. The diagram shows:
- W: Oesophagus (transports food)
- X: Stomach (digests food)
- Y: Small intestine (absorbs digested food nutrients)
- Z: Large intestine (absorbs water)
Option (2) correctly matches X (Stomach) for digestion of food, Y (Small intestine) for absorption of food, and Z (Large intestine) for absorption of water.

Question 4

Zain prepared some apparatus as shown below.
Based on only the materials provided above, which of the following properties of the metal coin cannot be measured or tested?
(1) Mass of the metal coin
(2) Length of the metal coin
(3) Volume of the metal coin
(4) Ability to float or sink in water

Accepted Answer

(1) Mass of the metal coin. The provided materials are a metal coin, measuring cylinder, flask of water, and a ruler.
- (1) Mass requires a weighing scale, which is not provided.
- (2) Length can be measured using the ruler.
- (3) Volume of an irregular object like a coin can be measured by water displacement using the measuring cylinder and water.
- (4) The ability to float or sink can be tested by placing the coin in the flask of water.
Therefore, the mass of the metal coin cannot be measured with the given apparatus.

Question 5

Pei Pei connected a pump to a sealed glass container as shown below. The container has a volume of 500 cm³ and contains 150 cm³ of oil.
What is the final volume of the air inside the glass container if she pushed in the plunger of the pump completely?
(1) 150 cm³
(2) 300 cm³
(3) 350 cm³
(4) 500 cm³

Accepted Answer

(3) 350 cm³. Air, being a gas, will expand to fill the entire available space within the sealed container not occupied by the oil. The total volume of the glass container is 500 cm³. The volume occupied by the oil is 150 cm³. The volume available for the air is the total volume of the container minus the volume of the oil: 500 cm³ - 150 cm³ = 350 cm³. Therefore, the final volume of the air inside the glass container is 350 cm³.

Question 6

Kiera was given the following set-up as shown below. She was asked to push the inverted cup into the basin of water completely.
Based on the experiment above, what will most likely happen?
A The tissue will be wet.
B The tissue will remain dry.
C No water will enter the cup.
D Air will escape through the hole from the cup.
(1) A only
(2) B only
(3) A and D
(4) B and C

Accepted Answer

(3) A and D. When the inverted cup is pushed into the water, the air inside is trapped. However, because there is a hole in the cup, the trapped air will be compressed and escape through the hole. As the air escapes, water can enter the cup, causing the tissue paper to get wet. Therefore, A (tissue will be wet) and D (air will escape through the hole) are correct outcomes.

Question 7

Study the flow chart on matter below.
Which of the following questions are likely represented by A and B?

Accepted Answer

(2) Does it have a fixed shape? Does it have a fixed volume?. The flow chart aims to classify matter into solid, liquid, or gas based on properties.
- Solid: Fixed shape and fixed volume.
- Liquid: No fixed shape, fixed volume.
- Gas: No fixed shape, no fixed volume.

Following the flow chart:
- Question A, if 'Yes' leads to 'solid', and 'No' leads to the liquid/gas branch. This means Question A must be a property unique to solids, or a primary differentiator. 'Does it have a fixed shape?' works: Yes for solid, No for liquid/gas.
- From the 'No' path of Question A (for liquids and gases), Question B's 'Yes' leads to 'liquid' and 'No' leads to 'gas'. This means Question B must differentiate between liquids and gases. 'Does it have a fixed volume?' works: Yes for liquid, No for gas.

Therefore, Question A is 'Does it have a fixed shape?' and Question B is 'Does it have a fixed volume?', which corresponds to option (2).

P4 Science SA1 2025 — Methodist Girls

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