Question 1

The diagrams show the stages of the life cycle of a plant. Which of the following shows the stages in the correct order?

Accepted Answer

P, R, Q, S. The typical life cycle of a plant can be understood as a cycle: a mature plant (P) produces seeds (represented by R, a germinating seed), which then grow into a small seedling (Q), then a larger seedling (S), and eventually back to a mature plant (P). Therefore, starting from a mature plant, the sequence P, R, Q, S represents a plausible progression through the life cycle stages.

Question 2

The table shows the number of days animals R and S spend at each stage of its life cycle before developing into an adult. Based on the information, which statement about animals R and S is correct?

Accepted Answer

Animal R spends more days as a larva than animal S.. Let's analyze each option:
(1) Life span of R = 4+7+6 = 17 days. Life span of S = 6+4+8 = 18 days. S does not have a shorter life span than R. Incorrect.
(2) Pupa stage for R = 6 days. Pupa stage for S = 8 days. S spends more days as a pupa than R. Incorrect.
(3) Larva stage for R = 7 days. Larva stage for S = 4 days. R spends more days as a larva than S. Correct.
(4) The table lists egg, larva, pupa. While these are three stages, the complete life cycle for animals undergoing complete metamorphosis typically includes the adult stage, making it four stages (egg, larva, pupa, adult). This statement is potentially ambiguous or incomplete.

Question 3

The diagram shows the life cycles of two animals, the beetle and the mosquito. Which statements about the life cycles of the animals are correct?
A Both give birth to young alive.
B Both their young do not resemble the adult.
C The young will only become insects at the adult stage.
D The pupa does not eat before reaching the adult stage.

Accepted Answer

B and D only. Let's evaluate each statement:
(A) Both diagrams show 'egg' as the initial stage, meaning they lay eggs, not give birth to live young. So, A is incorrect.
(B) For both beetles and mosquitoes, the larva and pupa stages are distinctly different in appearance from the adult. This is characteristic of complete metamorphosis. So, B is correct.
(C) Both beetles and mosquitoes are insects throughout all their life stages (egg, larva, pupa, adult), not just at the adult stage. So, C is incorrect.
(D) The pupa stage in insects undergoing complete metamorphosis is typically a non-feeding, inactive stage during which transformation to the adult occurs. So, D is correct.
Therefore, statements B and D are correct.

Question 4

Manny placed a packet of tea into a mug without overflowing as shown. Which of the following about the tea is correct?

Accepted Answer

The shape of the tea changed but the volume did not.. When a packet of tea is placed into a mug, it implies that the tea will eventually be brewed and become a liquid. Liquids have a definite volume but take the shape of their container. Assuming the 'tea' refers to the liquid tea that is made in the mug, its shape would change to fill the mug, but its volume (the amount of tea) would remain constant.

Question 5

Study the table. A tick (✔) indicates that the substance has the property. A container of 1000 cm³ contains 800 cm³ of substance Q and 200 cm³ of substance P. If another 100 cm³ of substance Q is added to the container, what is the volume of substance Q now?

Accepted Answer

800 cm³. From the table:
- Substance P can be compressed and has no definite shape, indicating it is a gas.
- Substance Q cannot be compressed (blank) but has no definite shape, indicating it is a liquid.
Initially, the 1000 cm³ container holds 800 cm³ of liquid Q and 200 cm³ of gas P, completely filling the container (800 + 200 = 1000 cm³).
If another 100 cm³ of liquid Q is 'added' to a container that is already full, and if the question implies that the additional liquid would simply overflow without compressing or displacing the existing gas, then the volume of substance Q *remaining inside* the container would be its initial volume of 800 cm³. This interpretation leads to option (1). (Note: In a more advanced physics context, the compressible gas P would be compressed, allowing the additional liquid to enter, making the volume of Q 900 cm³.)

Question 6

The diagram shows objects X and Y when placed on a balance. Aisha then placed both objects into two similar beakers containing 150 ml of water each as shown. Based on the observations, what could Aisha conclude about objects X and Y?

Accepted Answer

Objects X and Y have similar volumes.. Observation 1 (Balance): The balance tips down on the side of Object Y, indicating that Object Y has a greater mass than Object X (Mass Y > Mass X).
Observation 2 (Water Displacement): Both Object X and Object Y are submerged in separate beakers of water. The water levels in both beakers rise to the same height after the objects are submerged. This means that both objects displaced the same volume of water, therefore, Objects X and Y have similar volumes.

P4 Science SA1 2025 — Catholic High

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