Question 1

The table shows how some living things can be grouped. Which of the following is the most suitable heading for group A?

Accepted Answer

C. Mammals. Group A contains a zebra and a cat, both of which are mammals (warm-blooded, have hair/fur, give birth to live young).

Question 2

Which animal is NOT a reptile?

Accepted Answer

B. frog. A frog is an amphibian, not a reptile. Turtles, crocodiles and snakes are all reptiles.

Question 3

Which organ system is shown in the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A. skeletal system. The diagram shows a full human skeleton (bones of skull, ribs, spine, pelvis and limbs), which is the skeletal system.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a source of heat?

Accepted Answer

D. A woollen jacket. A woollen jacket does not produce heat; it only insulates and traps body heat. The Sun, a lighted lamp and a candle flame all give out heat.

Question 5

Which part, (1), (2), (3) or (4), supports the plant?

Accepted Answer

C. stem. The stem (part 3) is the plant part that supports the plant and holds up the leaves and flowers.

Question 6

Which animal has a 4-stage life cycle?

Accepted Answer

A. beetle. A beetle undergoes complete metamorphosis with 4 stages: egg → larva → pupa → adult. Chickens and grasshoppers have 3-stage life cycles, and a frog also has 3 stages (egg → tadpole → adult).

Question 7

The diagram shows the growth of a young plant with two missing stages, F and G. Which of the following shows the correct stages for F and G?

Accepted Answer

B. F: seed, G: germinated seed with shoot and root. The plant grows from a seed (F), then germinates with a shoot and root emerging (G), and finally develops into a young plant with leaves. So F is the seed and G is the germinated seed with shoot and root.

Question 8

A magnet was brought near a plastic block as shown. What will happen to the plastic block?

Accepted Answer

B. It will not move.. Plastic is a non-magnetic material, so it is neither attracted nor repelled by a magnet. The block will not move.

Question 9

Which of the following is a source of light?

Accepted Answer

B. a star in the sky. A star produces and gives off its own light, making it a source of light. The flower, the moon and the apple only reflect light from other sources.

Question 10

Danny places a metal spoon in a cup of hot coffee. The spoon becomes hot after a while. Which of the following explains this?

Accepted Answer

D. The spoon gains heat from the hot coffee.. Heat always flows from a hotter object to a cooler one. The hot coffee transfers heat to the cooler spoon, so the spoon gains heat from the hot coffee and becomes hot.

Question 11

Which of the following two statements correctly describe the circulatory system?
A It absorbs digested food.
B It breaks down food into simple substances.
C It is made up of the heart, blood and blood vessels.
D It works with the muscular system to remove air from the body.

Accepted Answer

B. A and C. The circulatory system absorbs digested food (from the small intestine into the blood) and is made up of the heart, blood and blood vessels. B (breaking down food) is digestion and D incorrectly links it to the muscular and respiratory systems.

Question 12

The graph shows the number of days an insect remains at each stage of its life cycle. Which of the following conclusions can be made from the graph?

Accepted Answer

D. The insect takes 15 days to become an adult after the egg hatches.. After the egg hatches, the insect spends about 9 days as a larva and about 6 days as a pupa, totalling around 15 days before becoming an adult.

Question 13

The diagram shows the nymph and adult of a cockroach. Which of the following statements are correct about them?
A Both have feelers.
B The nymph does not resemble the adult.
C The nymph does not have wings but the adult has wings.
D The nymph moults several times but the adult does not moult.

Accepted Answer

D. A, C and D only. Both nymph and adult cockroaches have feelers (A). The nymph resembles the adult (so B is wrong). The nymph does not have wings while the adult has wings (C). The nymph moults several times but the adult does not moult (D).

Question 14

The diagrams show the life cycles of a chicken and a frog. Which of the following describe the similarities between the two life cycles?
A Both life cycles have three stages.
B Both life cycles have an egg stage.
C The young of both animals resemble the adult.
D The young of both animals live both on land and in water.

Accepted Answer

A. A only. Both the chicken and frog life cycles have three stages (egg → young → adult). However, only B (both have an egg stage) is also true. C is wrong because tadpoles do not resemble adult frogs. D is wrong because young chickens do not live in water. Based on the marking scheme, only A is fully accepted as correct.

Question 15

Shanti investigated the conditions needed for the germination of green bean seeds. She prepared three set-ups, A, B and C, containing the same amount of cotton and the same number of green bean seeds. A tick (✓) in the table indicates the condition present in each set-up. She observed that the seeds in set-ups B and C germinated. What can she conclude from her experiment?

Accepted Answer

C. Water and air are needed for germination.. Set-up A has light and water but no air, and the seeds did not germinate. Set-ups B and C both have water and air (B without light, C with light), and both germinated. This shows that water and air are required, while light is not necessary.

Question 16

Helen wanted to find the volume of a stone. She poured some water in a measuring cylinder, and then placed the stone into the cylinder of water. Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

C. The volume of the stone is 8cm³.. The water level rises from about 10 cm³ to about 18 cm³ when the stone is placed in. The volume of the stone equals the volume of water it displaces, which is 18 − 10 = 8 cm³.

Question 17

The diagram shows four objects, A, B, C and D of different mass placed on a balance, two at a time. Which of the following correctly shows the mass of A, B, C and D from the greatest mass to the least mass?

Accepted Answer

A. A, B, D, C. From the first balance: A > B. From the second balance: C < B (B is heavier than C). From the third balance: D < B (B is heavier than D). Looking at the balances overall: A is heaviest, then B, then D, then C. So the order from greatest to least is A, B, D, C.

Question 18

Kamal filled a syringe with some water and sealed it. He observed that there was air in the syringe. He pushed down the plunger of the syringe slightly. What will happen to the volumes of the water and air in the syringe?

Accepted Answer

C. water: same, air: decrease. Water is a liquid and has a definite volume that cannot be compressed, so its volume stays the same. Air is a gas and can be compressed, so its volume decreases when the plunger is pushed down.

Question 19

Jay set up an experiment as shown and observed how objects A and B interacted with magnet X. Which of the following is correct?

Accepted Answer

B. Object A: magnetic material, Object B: magnet. Object A is attracted towards magnet X (the string pulls it inward), so it can be a magnetic material or a magnet. Object B is also attracted (or repelled depending on pole) towards magnet X. Based on the swing patterns shown, A is a magnetic material attracted to X, while B's behaviour (still attracted to X regardless of pole) indicates it is also a magnet.

Question 20

Study the flow chart carefully. Which one of the following correctly identifies E, F and G?

Accepted Answer

A. E: heat, F: juice, G: air. Start → 'Is it matter?' No → E (not matter, e.g. heat). Yes → 'Can it be compressed?' Yes → G (a gas, e.g. air, which can be compressed). No → 'Does it have a definite shape?' No → F (a liquid like juice). Option 1 matches: E = heat, F = juice, G = air.

Question 21

Four identical mugs each containing 300ml of water at different temperatures were left in the kitchen with a room temperature of 25°C. Which of the following is most likely the temperature of the water in each mug after five minutes?

Accepted Answer

C. Mug A: 50, Mug B: 40, Mug C: 30, Mug D: 25. Heat flows from hotter to cooler until equilibrium with room temperature (25°C). Hotter mugs (A:80°C, B:60°C, C:40°C) lose heat to surroundings, while Mug D (20°C) gains heat from surroundings up toward 25°C. Option 3 (A:50, B:40, C:30, D:25) is realistic: each mug's temperature changes appropriately toward room temperature.

Question 22

Part X of four rods, P, Q, R and S, of identical size were placed one at a time next to a magnet as shown. The interactions between the magnet and the rods were recorded in the table. Based on the results, which of the following conclusion(s) can be made?
A Rod Q is a magnet.
B Rod S is made of wood.
C Rod R is made of a magnetic material.
D Rods P, Q and S are magnetic materials.

Accepted Answer

B. A and D only. Rod P is attracted → magnetic material. Rod Q is repelled → Q must be a magnet (only magnets repel magnets). Rod R has no interaction → not magnetic. Rod S is attracted → magnetic material. So A (Q is a magnet) and D (P, Q and S are magnetic materials, since magnets are also magnetic) are correct. B is wrong (S is attracted, so not wood) and C is wrong (R shows no interaction, so not magnetic).

Question 23

A dark room was brightly lit when Ally turned on a torch on the table. She then placed a frosted glass jar over the lit torch. The room became less brightly lit. Which of the following explains why the room became less brightly lit?

Accepted Answer

D. The frosted glass jar blocks some light from the torch.. Frosted glass is translucent — it allows only some light to pass through and blocks the rest. So the room becomes less brightly lit (not completely dark), which means the frosted glass jar blocks some of the light from the torch.

Question 24

Isa wants to find out how the number of batteries affects the strength of an electromagnet. Which two set-ups should he use to test his aim?

Accepted Answer

A. A and B. To test how the number of batteries affects electromagnet strength, only the number of batteries should differ; the number of coils must stay constant. Set-up A has 2 batteries and 20 coils; Set-up B has 3 batteries and 20 coils. They differ only in number of batteries, so A and B are correct.

Question 25

Janet carried out an experiment with an iron nail and three magnets, X, Y and Z, of different sizes. She moved magnet X towards the nail until the magnet attracted the nail. She then measured the distance between the nail and magnet X. She repeated the experiment with magnets Y and Z and recorded the results in the table. Based on her results, what could Janet conclude?

Accepted Answer

B. The bigger the magnet, the stronger it is.. The greater the distance at which the magnet can attract the nail, the stronger it is. Magnet Z (15 cm) is the largest and strongest, Magnet X (10 cm) is medium, and Magnet Y (5 cm) is the smallest and weakest. Bigger magnets are stronger, so option B is wrong if we strictly compare strengths — but based on the marking scheme, this option is accepted because Z (the biggest) attracted from the longest distance and Y (the smallest) from the shortest, showing a positive correlation between size and strength.

Question 26

Sara wanted to find out how the different positions of a lighted torch affects the length of the shadow of a wooden ball. She prepared the set-up as shown and slowly moved the lighted torch from position A to C. Which graph correctly shows the length of the shadow cast by the ball?

Accepted Answer

B. Length of shadow decreases from A to B then increases from B to C (U-shape).. At position A the torch is at an angle producing a long shadow; at position B the torch is directly above the ball, producing the shortest shadow; at position C the torch is again at an angle on the other side, producing a long shadow again. The resulting graph is U-shaped (long → short → long).

Question 27

Anna used a hollow wooden tube to look at a flame. Which two statements explain why she was able to see the flame through the hollow wooden tube?
A Light travels in a straight line.
B Light from the flame enters her eyes.
C Light is reflected away from her eyes.
D Light from her eyes is reflected off the flame.

Accepted Answer

A. A and B. Light from a luminous source (the flame) travels in a straight line through the hollow tube and enters Anna's eye, allowing her to see the flame. Statements A and B together explain this.

Question 28

Laila noticed that there are gaps in the between the tiles on pavements. What would happen to the gaps on a hot day?

Accepted Answer

B. They will become narrower.. On a hot day, the tiles gain heat and expand, taking up more space. As a result, the gaps between the tiles become narrower (smaller).

P4 Science SA2 2023 — Anglo Chinese

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