P6 Science CA1 2025 — Rosyth

Casper made the following observations about animal K. A It lays eggs. B It has four legs. C It has moist skin. D It lives on land and in water. Which observations will help Casper to classify animal K as an amphibian?

Andy placed some fish food into a fish tank. Five seconds later, he observed the fishes swimming towards the fish food. Based on Andy's observation, which characteristic of living things did the fishes show?

All plants ____.

A fruit was cut open as shown below. Which of the following statements are correct? A There were many ovaries in a flower. B The seeds could be dispersed by animals. C Pollination and fertilisation had taken place. D The fruit and seeds were developed from a flower.

Study the chart on classification of living things. Which of the following is true?

Study the three living things shown below. A They reproduce by spores. B They cannot make their own food. C They help to decompose dead organisms. Which statement(s) about the living things is/are correct?

Study the stages of development of an animal. Which of the following correctly shows the animal and stage Q?

Study the stages of development of insect X as shown below. Which of the following animals has a similar life cycle of the insect X?

The diagram shows a seedling. Ahmad observed the seedling for a few days and plotted the graph as shown. [Figure: graph of Y (vertical axis) against Time in days — Y starts high, stays roughly constant briefly, then drops sharply and levels off at a lower value.] What could the vertical axis, Y, of the graph represent?

Danny wants to measure the volume of a stone. Which one of the following apparatus should he use?

Using an air pump, Jordan added 15 cm³ of air into a fully inflated basketball. What happens to the total volume and the mass of air in the basketball after 15 cm³ of air is added?

Which of the following is/are source(s) of heat? A Sun B Moon C Lighted candle D Woollen jacket

Michael placed a metal spoon into a beaker of hot water as shown below. He observed that the spoon became hotter after a while. Which of the following explains his observation?

There is a toy behind an opaque screen. Which statement explains why Nadiah cannot see the toy?

Johnson listed some sources of energy and their forms of energy. Which one of the following is not correct?

Study the set-up below carefully. The pin wheel began to spin soon after the water in the flask boiled. Which one of the following shows correctly the energy conversion which causes the pin wheel to spin? [Boxes: (In the gas) → (In the water) → (In the steam) → (In the pin wheel)]

Regina conducted an experiment using a leaf from a plant. She covered part of the leaf with black paper as shown below. She placed the plant under the sun for three hours and tested for the presence of starch using iodine solution. Which diagram shows the result of the experiment correctly? [Key: black shade = iodine turned blue-black in the presence of starch; white = iodine remained yellow when starch is not present.]

A ball was released at point E. It rolled along the set-up as shown below and came to rest at point H after hitting a block. Which of the following statements are correct? A The ball had more kinetic energy at F than at G. B The ball had more potential energy at F than at H. C All potential energy was converted to only kinetic energy from E to F. D Some energy was converted to sound energy when the ball hit the block.

Study the diagram below. Energy conversion takes place as the cyclist moves from A to C. He stops at B for a minute before coming down. Which one of the following shows the main form(s) of energy possessed by the cyclist as he moved from A to C respectively?

The diagram below shows a wind chime consisting of a star-shaped plate, four identical rods, and a wind catcher. The wind chime is suspended from the ceiling. All parts of the wind chime have the same mass and are made of metal. Which of the following statements are correct? A The star-shaped plate has the most potential energy. B The wind-catcher has more potential energy than rod P. C Rods Q and S have the same amount of potential energy. D The amount of gravitational force acting on rods R and S is the same.

Three balls, X, Y and Z, were dropped from different heights above the sand as shown below. Which of the following statements about the three balls are false? A Y has less gravitational potential energy than X. B Z has more gravitational potential energy than X. C X, Y and Z have the same kinetic energy just before they reach the sand. D X has the least kinetic energy among the three balls just before reaching the sand.

The diagram below shows a phone holder for a car. Material X is pasted on the phone cover. The phone with the cover is then safely secured on the phone holder in the car. Which of the following statement is definitely correct?

Gerald kicked a ball as shown in the diagram below. Which of the following statements describes the gravitational force acting on the ball correctly? Gravitational force ____.

Zaki carried out an experiment with three different bars, X, Y and Z. The ends of the bars are labelled as shown. The table below shows how the bars interact when different ends of the bars are brought close to each other. Row 1: A near C → Repel Row 2: A near D → Attract Row 3: A near E → Attract Row 4: A near F → Attract Based on the results given above, which of the following is definitely true?

Stacie throws a ball downwards to hit on the net. Then the ball bounces up after it has hit the net. What force causes the ball to bounce up after hitting the net?

Which of the following does not show an effect of force?

Diagram 1 below shows two boats heading towards each other. The boats collided and diagram 2 shows the two boats after the collision. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct? The force of collision caused ____. A both boats to stop moving B both boats to start moving C a change in the shape of the boats D a change in the direction of movement of the boats

Ray parked his car on a slope as shown. Ray and Laura opened the door from different sides. Both doors have the same mass. Which of the following is correct?

Study the below classification chart of four living things, C, D, E and F. (a) The picture below shows a living thing. [Figure: a flowering plant with leaves, stem, roots and a small flower.] Which letter, C, D, E or F best represents it? Explain your answer. [1] (b) State a similar physical characteristic between C and D. [1]

Shun Ying saw a snail in the garden. When she touched the snail, it went into its shell. (a) Which characteristic of living things did the snail show? [1] She placed the snail into a sealed tank as shown below. [Figure: a sealed tank with an air-tight lid containing some water, some leaves and the snail.] She recorded the number of the leaves in the tank over 5 days as shown in the table below. Day 1 — 10 leaves; Day 2 — 8; Day 3 — 7; Day 4 — 7; Day 5 — 7. (b) From Day 1 to 3, what characteristic of living things does the table show? [1] (c) What happened to the snail after Day 3? Explain your answer. [2]

The diagrams show the life cycles of two animals, A and B, living in a pond. (a) State a difference between the two life cycles. [1] (b) Why do animals A and B lay many eggs at a time? [1] The young of animal B lives in water but the adult lives on land. (c) Suggest two advantages for the young and adult to live in different surroundings? [2]

Rick planted tomato seeds at three different surrounding temperatures. He planted the same number of seeds at each temperature. He recorded the number of seeds that had germinated over six days as shown in the table below. (a) What was the aim of the experiment? [1] (b) State another variable that has to be kept constant. [1] (c) What must Rick observe to know that a seed has germinated? [1] (d) Based on Rick's experimental results, he then made the conclusions listed below. Tick (✓) the correct box, 'True', 'False' or 'Not Possible to Tell', for each conclusion. [1] Conclusion 1: At 25°C, all seeds germinated by day 6. Conclusion 2: 5°C is too cold for any seed to germinate.

Kyla studied the life cycle of insect X which has four stages. The length of the insect at different stages of its life cycle was recorded in the graph below. (a) Identify stages A and C in the life cycle of insect X. [1] Stage A: ______ Stage C: ______ (b) Based on the graph, how many days does it take for insect X to become an adult after the egg is laid? [1] Insect X lays its eggs in water. At different temperatures, the number of eggs laid in water by insect X changes as shown in the table below. [Table: Temperature of water (°C) | Number of eggs laid — 21°C: 100; 24°C: 150; 28°C: 170] Adult X spreads a disease among humans. (c) Explain how an increase in the temperature of water affects the number of humans affected by the disease. [1]

Objects X, Y and Z are of the same size but made of different materials. Paul wanted to test a physical property of the materials. He poured 200 ml of water onto material X. After five minutes, he measured the volume of water collected in the beaker below. He repeated the experiment for Y and Z. [Table: Object | X | Y | Z Volume of water collected at bottom beaker (ml) | 180 | 150 | 0] (a) Circle the physical property that Paul was testing. ( strength / flexibility / transparency / waterproof ) [1] (b) State another variable of the material that has to be kept constant for the experiment to be a fair one. [1] [Figure: a life jacket — used to keep a person's head above water.] (c) Which material, X, Y, or Z, is the most suitable to make a life jacket? Explain your answer. [2]

Sue made a jumping toy by taping two pieces of plastic cards together and tying a rubber band around them as shown in the diagram below. When the plastic cards are opened and pressed down, the rubber band is stretched. When the toy is released, it will jump upwards. Sue wanted to find out how the number of rubber bands used to make the toy affects the height it jumped to. She increased the number of rubber bands used and recorded the height that the toy reached in the table below. [Table: Number of rubber bands used | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 Height reached by the toy (cm) | 7 | 12 | 18 | 23] (a) Based on the results above, state the relationship between the number of rubber bands used and the height reached by the toy. [1] (b) Using energy conversion, explain your answer in (a). [2]

Cameron performed an experiment on two different springs, X and Y, of the same length using the set-up shown in the diagram below. He measured the extension of the spring after adding a 100 g mass each time. His results are shown in the table below. [Table: Mass (g) | Spring X extension (cm) | Spring Y extension (cm) 100 | 3.2 | 2.2 200 | 6.4 | 2.4 300 | 9.3 | 3.3] (a) Based on his results, compare the extension of spring X and spring Y when the same amount of mass is added. [1] Cameron used spring X to make a toy car as shown below. The back wheel was turned back such that it stretched the spring to 6 cm. [Figure: a toy car with spring X attached between the back wheel and the body; when the back wheel is turned back, the spring stretches to 6 cm; after release, the spring shrinks back to 2 cm and the car moves.] Cameron released the toy car and let it move along a horizontal tabletop. (b) Explain, using energy conversion, how this toy car was able to move along the tabletop. [1] (c) Cameron noticed that the toy car slowed down as it moved along the tabletop. Explain your answer in terms of energy conversion. [1] Next, Cameron changed spring X to spring Y. He turned the back wheels such that spring Y is stretched to 6 cm. (d) Based on the results in Table 1, will the toy car with spring Y move a shorter, longer or equal distance as the toy car with spring X? Explain your answer. [1]

The diagram below shows a machine that is used to demolish buildings. The metal ball swings and hits the building to knock it down. The higher the ball swings, the greater the damage done. The metal ball is swung backwards before it is released to demolish the building. (a) Fill in the boxes below to show the energy conversion as the metal ball is swung from position A to B. [Boxes: When the ball was raised at A → When the ball was moving at B (two boxes joined by '+').] [2] (b) Explain in terms of energy conversion, how swinging the ball higher will cause more damage to the building. [2] (c) Other than swinging the metal ball higher, what change can be made to the ball to make it move faster at B? [1]

The Maglev train is a special train that floats a few centimetres above the track while it is moving. This is made possible by the use of very strong magnets. (a) Explain what causes the gap between the magnets. [1] In emergency cases of power loss, the train will stop moving and rest on the train tracks. (b) Based on the physical properties of materials, explain why steel is suitable for making the train tracks. [1] The Maglev train cannot hold beyond a certain amount of weight for it to function. Sasha made a model of a Maglev train as shown below. [Figure: a model train sits above a track; magnets are attached to the bottom of the train and to the top of the track facing each other.] She added 1 kg weights onto her model one at a time and measured the gap between the magnets. She recorded her results in the table below. [Table: No. of 1 kg weights | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 Distance between the magnets (cm) | 5.5 | 4 | 2.5 | 1 | 0] (c) Based on the results above, what is the greatest mass that can be placed on the train model for it to work? [1] (d) Suggest how Sasha can find the maximum mass that can be placed on the model more accurately. [1]

Oliver set up an experiment as shown below using four rods with similar lengths but made of different materials, J, K, L and M. He placed some wax at the end of each rod and recorded the time taken for each drop of wax to melt. [Table: Material | Time taken for the wax to melt (min) J: 9 | K: 3 | L: 7 | M: 2] [Figure: a frying pan with a handle and a base.] (a) Based on the experimental results, which material, J, K, L or M is most suitable for making the base of a frying pan? [2] (b) How will the time taken for the drops of wax to melt be affected if Oliver lowers the height of the rods? Give a reason for your answer. [1]

Jun Xiang threw a piece of plasticine at a noticeboard as shown in the diagram below. (a) Name the force that caused the plasticine to drop on the ground. [1] (b) State two effects of forces observed by Jun Xiang. [2] 1. ______ 2. ______ Jun Xiang threw a ball of the same mass at the noticeboard with a greater force. (c) Mark an 'A' on the floor in the above diagram to show where the ball might land if Jun Xiang had thrown the ball with a greater force from his starting position. [1]