P6 Science SA2 2025 — Methodist Girls

Study the classification chart and the four animals. Which row shows the correct classification of animals in boxes X, Y and Z? [Table options: (1) X=tortoise, Y=salamander, Z=beetle; (2) X=beetle, Y=salamander, Z=fish; (3) X=tortoise, Y=fish, Z=salamander; (4) X=beetle, Y=fish, Z=salamander]

The flow chart below shows information of four different organisms, P, Q, R and S. Which statement is correct? (1) P could be ferns. (2) Q could be fungi. (3) R could be bacteria. (4) S could be non-flowering plants.

The diagram below shows a food chain. Which terms describe the goat in the food chain? (1) predator and prey (2) decomposer and prey (3) consumer and prey (4) consumer and decomposer

The diagram below shows the young of both a cockroach and a butterfly. Which of the following are similarities between the young of the two animals? A Both do not have wings. B Both do not resemble their adults. C Both have the same number of stages in their life cycle. D Both moult several times to grow bigger. (1) A and B (2) A and D (3) B and C (4) C and D

Amos classified three cell parts as shown below. What are Questions A and B? [Table options: (1) A=Does it control all activities of the cell? B=Does it contain genetic information? (2) A=Does it give the cell a regular shape? B=Is it present in both plant and animal cells? (3) A=Is it present in plant cells? B=Does it give the cell a regular shape? (4) A=Is it present in animal cells? B=Does it control all activities of the cell?]

The diagram below shows the human reproductive systems. Which of the following is correct? [Table options: (1) Produces male reproductive cells=P, female=R, fertilised egg develops=T; (2) P, S, T; (3) Q, R, S; (4) Q, T, S]

The diagram below shows 2 flowers, U and V, from the same plant. Which arrow(s) show(s) the transfer of pollen grains during pollination? (1) P only. (2) S only. (3) P and R only. (4) Q and S only.

Two different plants, A and B, grow on land as shown below. Which row shows the characteristics of the fruits of plants A and B? [Table options: (1) A=fibrous husk, B=pod-like structure; (2) A=fleshy, B=fibrous husk; (3) A=wing-like structure, B=fleshy; (4) A=fibrous husk, B=wing-like structure]

Lance conducted an experiment to find out if the presence of oxygen affects the germination of seed. He prepared two set-ups as shown below. Liquid Y absorbs oxygen. What change(s) should he make to ensure a fair test? A Add two more seeds to Set-up Q. B Change the water in Set-up Q to liquid Y. C Add water to the dry cotton wool in Set-up Q. (1) A only. (2) A and C only. (3) B and C only. (4) A, B and C.

Ken was jogging in the park. The diagram below shows the direction of blood flow in some parts of his body. Which graph shows the amount of oxygen in his blood at different parts of the body as indicated in the above diagram? [Bar graphs with different orderings of A, B, C, D on x-axis showing oxygen amounts]

Which diagram shows the movement of water and food to the different parts of a plant?

The diagrams below show the different types of beak and feet that birds have. Which row shows the beak, feet and diet of a bird to help it survive in the specific type of habitat? [Table options: (1) aquatic, C, D, nuts; (2) aquatic, B, F, fish; (3) land, A, F, nectar; (4) land, B, E, grains]

The diagram below shows a habitat with some living things. Which statement is correct? (1) There are eight populations of producers. (2) There are three populations of consumers. (3) There is one community with five populations. (4) There is one community with six populations.

The diagram below shows a part of a river that has plants and fish living in it. The following events took place when a large amount of soil was washed into the river, turning the river water murky. A Population of plants in the river decreased. B Population of fish in the river decreased. C Plants in the river trapped less light. D Fish living in the water had less oxygen. What is the correct order of events? (1) A, B, D, C (2) A, C, B, D (3) C, D, B, A (4) C, A, D, B

Eloise poured hot water at 80°C into four identical containers W, X, Y and Z, made of different materials. She placed them in a room and recorded the time taken for the water to cool to room temperature. The results are shown in the table below. Which container is the most suitable if she wants to keep her beverage cold for the longest time? (1) W (2) X (3) Y (4) Z

The table below shows the freezing and boiling points of three different substances A, B and C. What are the states of substances A, B and C at 30°C? [Table options: (1) A=liquid, B=solid, C=liquid; (2) A=gas, B=solid, C=liquid; (3) A=liquid, B=liquid, C=gas; (4) A=solid, B=liquid, C=liquid]

The diagram below shows a glass bottle. Which of the following apparatus should Charlotte use to find the volume of the bottle? (1) ruler and modelling clay (2) string and measuring tape (3) marbles and weighing scale (4) water and measuring cylinder

Study the following electrical circuit. Which of the following switches must be closed for all the bulbs to light up? (1) S1 and S4 (2) S2 and S4 (3) S2 and S3 (4) S3 and S4

Alyssa placed two identical bowls, A and B, in a room. She filled each bowl with 12 g of liquid P. The exposed surface area was the same while the temperature of the liquid P in each bowl was different. After 15 minutes, she measured the remaining mass of liquid P in each bowl. [Table 1: A: surface area=30 cm², temp=60°C, mass after=8g; B: surface area=30 cm², temp=T, mass after=10g.] She conducted another experiment using two other bowls, C and D, with 12 g of liquid P each. The exposed surface area was different while the temperature was kept the same. [Table 2: C: surface area=S, temp=50°C, mass after=7g; D: surface area=30, temp=50°C, mass after=9g.] What could be the possible values of T and S? [Options: (1) T=40, S=20; (2) T=40, S=40; (3) T=70, S=20; (4) T=70, S=40]

Study the flowchart below. An electric iron uses heat to remove creases made on fabric. Which pair of materials is suitable for making part P and the outer covering of part Q of the electric iron? [Table options: (1) P=D, Q=B; (2) P=C, Q=A; (3) P=C, Q=B; (4) P=D, Q=A]

The diagram below shows a paper spiral placed above a circuit. When Meilin closed the switch, the wire was heated up and the spiral began to spin after a few seconds. Which of the following correctly describes the energy conversion from the time the switch was closed till when the paper spiral started spinning? (1) electrical energy → heat + light energy → kinetic energy (2) potential energy → heat energy → kinetic energy + sound energy (3) kinetic energy → electrical energy → heat energy → kinetic energy (4) potential energy → electrical energy → heat energy → kinetic energy

A bakery uses a food display warmer to keep pastries warm. It uses two identical bulbs that give out more heat when they are brighter. Which circuit should be used so that the bulbs give out the most heat and pastries can be kept warm? [Figure: Four circuit diagrams: (1) two bulbs in series with one battery; (2) two bulbs in parallel with one battery; (3) two bulbs in series with two batteries; (4) two bulbs in parallel with two batteries]

Xin Ping wants to check if the water in her aquarium is at the right temperature. Which one of the following diagrams shows the correct way to measure the temperature of the water?

Audrey placed two empty identical beakers, J and K, both initially at room temperature on her desk. She poured 200 cm³ of boiling water into beaker J and 400 cm³ of boiling water into beaker K. The temperatures of water in J and K were recorded every minute for some time. Which one of the following is the correct graph for her results? [Figure: Four cooling graphs showing J and K curves starting at 100°C and decreasing over time.]

Victor attached a strong magnet to a spring and placed it at the top of a ramp. He added lubricant to the surface of the ramp and placed a steel coin at the bottom of the ramp. He observed that the coin moved up the ramp as shown in the diagram below. Based on the information above, what were the forces acting on the steel coin as it moved along the ramp? A: Magnetic force B: Frictional force C: Gravitational force D: Elastic spring force (1) A and D only (2) B and C only (3) A, B and C only (4) A, C and D only

A ball hanging from a fixed point K was pulled to Point L and released. It swung down to Point M, then up to Point N on the opposite side as shown in the diagram below. Which graph correctly shows the change in kinetic energy (KE) and potential energy (PE) of the ball as it moved from Point M to Point N? [Figure: Four graphs showing KE and PE versus time/position.]

Six bar magnets with their ends marked A to L are arranged as shown in the diagram below. Which of the following diagrams shows a possible arrangement using four of the magnets? [Figure: Four alternative arrangements (1)-(4) using four of the six magnets.]

Three objects, P, Q and R are arranged in a straight line as shown in the diagram below. These three objects are made of the same material but are of different shapes. The diagram below shows the shadow on the screen when the torch was turned on. What are the likely shapes of objects P, Q and R? [Table options showing different combinations of square, circle, and rectangle for P, Q, R.]

Grasshoppers are insects that lay many eggs in the soil. (a) Use a pencil to draw the life cycle of a grasshopper using only words and arrows. [1] (b) Explain how laying many eggs help in the survival of grasshoppers. [1]

The diagram shows how digested food and some gases are transported in the human body. (a) Name gas E and system L. [1] Gas E: ______ System L: ______ (b) State the function of the human respiratory system. [1] (c) Describe how the digestive system works together with the circulatory system to transport digested food to different parts of the body. [2]

Jenny wanted to investigate the conditions needed for photosynthesis in plants. (a) Describe the process of photosynthesis. [1] Jenny prepared four set-ups, W, X, Y and Z, for her investigation as shown below. (b) Which 2 set-ups can Jenny compare to conclude that the amount of carbon dioxide affects the rate of photosynthesis? [1] (c) After two days, Jenny removed one leaf from each of the plants in set-ups X, Y and Z. She tested each leaf for the presence of starch using iodine solution. Starch turns yellowish-brown iodine solution blue-black. In which set-up, X, Y or Z, will the iodine solution remain yellowish-brown? Explain your answer. [1]

Plant A and a magnified view of its fruit are shown below. The diagram below shows how the fruit of plant A develops from a flower. [Figure: flower → process J → process K → fruit] (a) Name and describe process K. [1] (b) State how the dispersal of fruits benefits young plant A. [1] Animal B feeds on nectar in flowers and helps with process J. One population of animal B was introduced into a garden where plant A was growing. The graph below shows the change in the area covered by plant A in the garden weeks after animal B was introduced. [Figure: Graph showing area covered by plant A roughly constant from week 0-4 then increasing from week 4-6.] (c) Explain how the introduction of animal B into the garden caused the area covered by plant A to change. [2]

The diagram below shows a food web. (a) State the plant-eater(s). [1] (b) Explain what happens to the population of organism D when the population of organism B increases. [2]

Laura carried out an experiment to find out how temperature affects the ability of insect Y to reproduce. Three test tubes were set up at a surrounding temperature of 10°C. Each test tube contained a male and a female insect Y and some food. After two weeks, the number of offsprings of insect Y in each set-up was counted. Laura repeated the steps using different surrounding temperatures and recorded the results in the table below. (a) Suggest why Laura had three test tubes set up for each temperature. [1] (b) Based on the results, state how global warming affects the survival of insect Y. [1] Insect Y lives on tree Z. A large number of insect Y is harmful to tree Z. To get rid of insects Y without using pesticides, a farmer tied a straw belt around the trunk of the tree just before winter. When winter arrives, insects Y hide in the straw belts. [Figure: Tree with straw belt at trunk base; insects Y hide inside the straw belt.] Once spring arrives, while insects Y are still hiding in the straw belt, the farmer removed the straw belt and burnt it. (c) Explain how the straw belt helps insects Y to survive better during winter. [1] (d) Give a reason why tying the straw belt to control the population of insect Y has less negative impact on the environment than using pesticides. [1]

Two metal strips, of the same material and thickness, were used to cover parts of two identical metal cans, A and B. James poured 300 cm³ of hot water into cans A and B. James measured the temperature of the water in each can at intervals of 10 minutes. [Table: Time(min) Can A Can B; 0: 75, 75; 10: 44, 51; 20: 29, 33; 30: 29, 29] (a) What is the changed variable in James' experiment? [1] (b) Suggest one improvement to James' experiment to obtain more accurate results. [1] (c) Elephants keep cool by losing heat from their ears. [Figure: Elephant C with larger ears; elephant D with smaller ears.] Based on the results of James' experiment, which elephant, C or D, can cool its body down faster on a hot day? Explain your answer. [2]

The diagram below shows the water cycle. (a) State a difference between evaporation and boiling. [1] Metal sails are used to build a structure as shown below to obtain freshwater in open spaces in the desert as shown in the diagram below. In the desert, it is hot in the day and cold in the night. [Figure: Structure with a metal sail roof, water droplets forming underneath, water tube collecting the droplets and leading to a freshwater collection tank.] (b) Based on the conditions in the desert and how the set-up works, explain whether more freshwater will be collected in the day or at night. [2] (c) State one change that can be made to the structure to collect more freshwater within the same amount of time. Explain how the change helps to collect more freshwater. [2]

The diagrams below show the position of lamps in three rooms of a dollhouse and its circuit diagram. When the switch is closed, all the bulbs light up. (a) Siti removed one of the bulbs from the circuit and the other two bulbs did not light up. Which bulb did Siti remove? Explain your answer. [1] (b) Siti wanted to rearrange the bulbs, A, B and C, such that when one of the bulbs fused, the two remaining bulbs will continue to light up. Complete the circuit diagram to show this new arrangement. [1] (c) State a disadvantage of the new arrangement of bulbs in (b). [1]

Ali noticed that the school cleaner always put the signboard as shown below outside the toilet after she had washed and mopped the floor. (a) Explain why someone could slip and fall easily when the floor is wet. [1] Ali wanted to test which anti-slip mat prevents slipping the best. He placed three different mats, J, K and L, one at a time on a ramp. He then placed a wooden block at the top of the ramp and slowly lifted the ramp to measure the angle of inclination when the wooden block started to slide down as shown below. [Figure: Wooden block on ramp; protractor at base measures angle of inclination.] The results are shown in the table below. [Table: Mat J: 30°; Mat K: 70°; Mat L: 50°] (b) Based on the results of Ali's experiment, which anti-slip mat can best prevent people from slipping? Explain your answer. [2] (c) Suggest two variables of the wooden block which Ali has to keep constant to ensure a fair test. [2]

The diagram below shows a conveyor belt in a factory. A light sensor is used to count the number of objects moving on the conveyor belt. The result from the light sensor and datalogger is shown in the graph below. [Figure: Graph showing light intensity over time — a square-wave pattern with 5 distinct dips in the light level (5 'troughs' representing objects passing through).] (a) From the graph, how many objects passed the sensor? Explain your answer. [2] (b) Another object P made of frosted glass passed through the light sensor. Draw on the graph below to show what the reading from the light sensor would look like when object P passes through it. [1] (c) Give a reason why the amount of light shown on the graph never drops to zero. [1]

Eva designed a set-up to automatically turn on a warning light when too much rainwater is collected in a roadside drain during heavy rain. This happens when the water pipe used to remove rainwater is clogged. Her set-up is shown below. Rainwater enters through the holes in the drain cover. (a) Describe and explain how the warning light is turned on automatically when the water pipe is clogged. [2] (b) Without adding new parts to the set-up, suggest one modification to the set-up so that the warning light turns on earlier when it rains less heavily. [1]