Question 1

Study the three organisms as shown below. Which statement is correct?

Accepted Answer

B. They respond to changes.. Mushroom, bacteria and fern are all living things, so the one feature common to all three is that they respond to changes (stimuli). They do not all make food (bacteria/mushroom cannot), do not all reproduce by spores (bacteria do not), and do not all break down dead matter (fern does not).

Question 2

Study the classification table below. Which of the following properties are used to classify the objects into Group X and Group Y?

Accepted Answer

C. Group X: Waterproof and strong; Group Y: Absorbent and flexible. Group X (wine glass, swimming float) are both waterproof and strong, while Group Y (cotton socks, paper towel) are both absorbent and flexible. The other options fail because a wine glass is not flexible/strong-floating and socks/paper towel are not opaque-only or stiff.

Question 3

The diagram below shows a seedling and its adult plant. Which one of the following statements is not true?

Accepted Answer

B. Both cannot bear flowers.. The statement that is NOT true is 'Both cannot bear flowers' — the adult plant can bear flowers (and fruits), so it is false to say both cannot. Both make their own food, and the adult does bear fruits while the seedling does not.

Question 4

Gopal observed two insects, S and T, and recorded his observations in a table (S: has three body parts ✓, part of life cycle spent in water ✓, young resembles adult ✗; T: has three body parts ✓, part of life cycle in water ✗, young resembles adult ✓). Which of the following insects did Gopal observe?

Accepted Answer

A. Insect S: mosquito; Insect T: cockroach. Insect S spends part of its life cycle in water and its young does not resemble the adult (complete metamorphosis) → mosquito. Insect T does not live in water and its young resembles the adult (incomplete metamorphosis) → cockroach. A frog is not an insect, ruling out option C.

Question 5

The diagram below shows the different organs, W, X, Y and Z, of a human digestive system. What of the following shows the correct function for each organ? (columns: 'Food is further digested into a soupy mix', 'Food is broken into smaller substances', 'Water is removed from the undigested food', 'Partially digested food moves into the stomach')

Accepted Answer

C. Y, W, Z, X. W = oesophagus (partially digested/swallowed food moves into the stomach), X = stomach (food broken into smaller substances), Y = small intestine (food further digested into a soupy mix), Z = large intestine (water removed from undigested food). This matches Y, W, Z, X.

Question 6

Joshua used two identical syringes for an experiment. One syringe was filled with 50 cm³ of oil while the other was filled with 50 cm³ of air. He pushed each plunger as hard as he could and measured distance x (oil) and distance y (air). Which of the following shows the correct values of x and y?

Accepted Answer

D. x = 20, y = 5. Oil (a liquid) cannot be compressed, so its column length barely changes and remains large (x = 20). Air (a gas) can be compressed, so its column is squeezed much shorter (y = 5). Hence x is large and y is small.

Question 7

A pump was connected to a flask. It was able to pump 50 cm³ of air into the flask each time the plunger was pushed in completely. Which of the following pair of graphs show the mass and volume of the air in the flask as air was continually pumped into the flask?

Accepted Answer

D. Mass increasing from a non-zero value; Volume constant. Air has mass, so adding more air increases the total mass — and since the flask already contains some air, the mass line rises from a non-zero starting value. The volume of air equals the fixed volume of the rigid flask, so it stays constant. Option D shows a rising mass line and a flat (constant) volume line.

Question 8

Three different types of flowering plants, A, B and C, were growing in fields near a river (Diagram 1). A few years later, more of each plant was found growing in the fields (Diagram 2). What are the likely characteristics of the fruits of plants A, B and C, which helped them to disperse their seeds?

Accepted Answer

C. Plant A: splits open when ripe; Plant B: fibrous husk; Plant C: fleshy and edible. Plant A's new plants are clustered close around the parent → self/explosive dispersal (fruit splits open when ripe). Plant B's new plants are spread along the river downstream → water dispersal (fibrous, waterproof husk that floats). Plant C's new plants are scattered far and randomly → animal dispersal (fleshy, edible fruit).

Question 9

The diagram below shows three cells, P, Q and R. Which one of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

D. Cell P, Cell Q and Cell R can control the substances that enter or leave them.. All cells have a cell membrane, which controls the substances that enter or leave the cell, so the statement true of P, Q and R is option D. Cell R appears to be a plant cell with a fixed shape (ruling out A and B), and not every cell shown can make food.

Question 10

The diagrams below show how gases are transported in the circulatory systems of a fish and a man (fish: gills, heart, rest of the body with vessels A and B; man: lungs, heart, rest of the body with vessels C and D). Which of the following correctly describe the blood vessels A, B, C and D?

Accepted Answer

A. Blood rich in oxygen: A and C; Blood rich in carbon dioxide: B and D. In the fish, vessel A carries blood from the gills to the rest of the body (oxygen-rich) while B returns blood from the body to the heart (carbon-dioxide-rich). In the man, C carries blood from the lungs to the heart (oxygen-rich) while D returns blood from the body (carbon-dioxide-rich). Thus oxygen-rich = A and C; carbon-dioxide-rich = B and D.

Question 11

Kaylie filled four identical test tubes, W, X, Y and Z, with the same volume of water at different temperatures, then covered them with identical stoppers. The diagram shows her observation after five minutes. Which one of the following shows how the temperature of water arranged from the highest to the lowest?

Accepted Answer

B. Y, W, X, Z. The hotter the water, the faster it evaporates and condenses on the cooler upper part of the tube, so more water droplets/condensation form. Ranking the amount of condensation from most to least gives the temperature order Y, W, X, Z (highest to lowest).

Question 12

Study the four circuits in which identical bulbs and batteries are connected as shown below. In which circuits would the bulb(s) light up?

Accepted Answer

C. B and D. A bulb lights up only when it forms part of a complete circuit with the battery and is not short-circuited. In circuits B and D the components form a complete, working circuit, so the bulbs light up.

Question 13

Four bulbs, B1, B2, B3 and B4, were connected in a circuit with two switches, S1 and S2. All the components were working properly. Which of the following is correct?

Accepted Answer

D. S1 open, S2 open → B1 yes, B2 no, B3 yes, B4 no. Tracing the circuit, the branches that remain complete depend on which switches are open. With S1 open and S2 open, only the branches containing B1 and B3 stay complete while B2 and B4 are broken, giving B1 yes, B2 no, B3 yes, B4 no.

Question 14

A restaurant uses a portable food warmer to keep food hot. The warmer has two identical bulbs which give out more heat when they are brighter. Which of the following circuits should be used such that food will be kept the warmest?

Accepted Answer

D. Two bulbs in parallel with two cells. Brighter bulbs give out more heat. Bulbs connected in parallel are brighter than in series, and using two cells provides more energy, making the bulbs brightest. Option D (parallel bulbs with two cells) keeps the food warmest.

Question 15

A block of butter was placed in each of the four boxes, A, B, C and D. The boxes are identical in size and made up of different materials of equal thickness. The graph shows the time taken for the block of butter in each box to melt completely. Based on the results, which box is the most suitable for keeping the butter?

Accepted Answer

B. B. The most suitable box keeps the butter solid the longest, i.e. the butter takes the longest time to melt. Box B has the tallest bar (longest melting time), meaning it is the best insulator (poorest conductor of heat), so it is most suitable.

Question 16

Clarice heated a beaker of pure water and measured its temperature. The table shows the results (Time/min : Temperature/°C — 0:30, 2:50, 4:70, 6:90, 8:?). What is the temperature of the beaker of water at the 8th minute?

Accepted Answer

B. 100 °C. Pure water boils at 100 °C. Once it reaches its boiling point, the temperature stays constant at 100 °C even with continued heating, so at the 8th minute the temperature is 100 °C (not higher).

Question 17

Siti was walking along a path, from A to E, with two lamps, L1 and L2, placed at position B and E respectively. Which one of the following graphs shows how the length of her shadows changed? (Legend: solid line = shadow caused by L1; dashed line = shadow caused by L2)

Accepted Answer

B. Shadow from L1 dips to zero near B then increases; shadow from L2 decreases to near zero at E. The shadow is shortest when the person is directly under a lamp and lengthens with distance from it. As Siti moves from A to E, her shadow from L1 (at B) is shortest near B and grows as she moves away towards E; her shadow from L2 (at E) is longest at A and shrinks to shortest at E. Graph 2 shows both behaviours correctly.

Question 18

Study the classification chart below (Energy → Group A: bread, rice; Group B: stretched elastic band, compressed spring; Group C: wind, waves). Which of the following are suitable headings for groups A, B and C?

Accepted Answer

D. A: chemical potential energy; B: elastic potential energy; C: kinetic energy. Bread and rice store chemical potential energy (food). A stretched elastic band and compressed spring store elastic potential energy. Wind and waves are moving, so they have kinetic energy. This matches option D.

Question 19

The diagram below shows a solar powered torch. The solar panel traps energy from the sun and stores it in the cell. Which one of the following correctly shows the energy conversion when the torch is switched on?

Accepted Answer

C. Potential energy → electrical energy → light energy + heat energy. When switched on, the energy stored in the cell is (chemical) potential energy, which is converted to electrical energy in the circuit, and the bulb then converts this to light energy and heat energy. This matches option C.

Question 20

Five bell jars, each containing a similar plant with the same number of leaves, were set up according to different conditions shown in a table (conditions: 100 ml of water, presence of sunlight, presence of oxygen, presence of carbon dioxide across set-ups 1–5). Which pair of set-ups is the most appropriate to show that sunlight is needed for photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

D. Set-ups 3 and 5. To show that sunlight is needed, the two set-ups must be identical in every condition (water, oxygen, carbon dioxide all present) and differ only in sunlight. Set-up 3 has no sunlight while set-up 5 has sunlight, with all other conditions the same, making set-ups 3 and 5 the fair comparison.

Question 21

Ali used a spring balance to pull four blocks, A, B, C and D, along four similar surfaces in his experiment. The blocks are of similar sizes and made of same material. If the spring balance shows the same readings for all the blocks, which block has the smallest mass?

Accepted Answer

B. Block B. Pulling a block up a steeper incline requires more force for the same mass. Since the spring balance reads the same for all blocks, the block on the steepest slope (Block B) must have the smallest mass to give that same reading.

Question 22

Study the four set-ups below (a spring attached to a magnet hangs from a retort stand above another magnet or object). Which of the above arrangement(s) of the magnets is/are possible?

Accepted Answer

B. A and B only. Arrangement A (magnet above a steel bar — attraction) and B (magnet above a wooden block — no magnetic interaction, just hanging) are both physically possible. C and D show like-pole/impossible magnetic pole pairings that cannot occur as drawn, so only A and B are possible.

Question 23

Joshua threw a basketball at X and it moved along the path shown (X → Y → Z). Which statements are not true? A: At X, there is no force acting on the basketball. B: At Y, there is gravitational attraction between the basketball and the Earth. C: At Z, the basketball started to fall as there was no more force acting on it. D: The gravitational force acting on the basketball does not change from point X to Z.

Accepted Answer

A. A and C only. Statement A is false because gravity (and the throwing force) acts on the ball at X. Statement C is false because the ball falls at Z due to gravity still acting on it, not because force disappeared. Statements B and D are true. Hence the statements that are NOT true are A and C.

Question 24

The diagram below shows a pond habitat. How many populations of producers and consumers are present in this habitat?

Accepted Answer

A. producers: 2, consumers: 3. Counting the different kinds of plants (producers) gives 2 populations, and counting the different kinds of animals (consumers — e.g. flying insects, fish, tadpole, frog as shown) gives the matching set. Option A (2 producers and 3 consumers) is correct based on the distinct organism types in the pond.

Question 25

Study the food web as shown below. Which of the following statements about the food web are true? A: Organism D and F are both preys and predators. B: There are three plant-eaters and one animal-eater. C: Organism E gets its energy directly from organisms A and C. D: All the energy in organism B is transferred to organism F.

Accepted Answer

B. B and C only. Statement B is true (the organisms feeding on producer A are plant-eaters and F is the top animal-eater). Statement C is true (arrows go from A→E and C→E, so E gets energy directly from A and C). Statement A is false (F is only a predator, not a prey) and D is false (not all energy is transferred along a food chain — some is lost). So B and C only.

Question 26

Study the food web shown below. If the population of organism R decreases, which of the following populations will be most affected?

Accepted Answer

C. T. Organism T feeds directly and only on R (R → T), so a decrease in R most directly reduces the food available to T, making T the most affected population.

Question 27

A praying mantis has several adaptations which help to protect it from predators. What are some of these structural adaptations? A: It spreads its forelegs to appear bigger. B: It has feelers which help it to detect danger. C: It fans its wings to appear more threatening. D: It blends in with the surroundings to hide from its predators.

Accepted Answer

A. B and D only. Structural adaptations are physical body features. Having feelers (B) and blending in with the surroundings/camouflage (D) are structural features. Spreading forelegs (A) and fanning wings (C) are behaviours (actions), not structural features. So B and D only.

Question 28

The graph below shows how the amount of carbon dioxide in the air has changed over the years in a country from 1970 to 2010. Which of the following is/are effect(s) of the trend shown in the graph above? A: flood. B: acid rain. C: soil erosion. D: deforestation.

Accepted Answer

A. A only. The rising carbon dioxide causes global warming, which melts ice and raises sea levels, leading to floods (A). Acid rain (B) is caused mainly by other gases (e.g. sulfur dioxide), while soil erosion (C) and deforestation (D) are causes, not effects, of this trend. So flood (A) only.

P6 Science SA2 2019 — Methodist Girls

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P6 Science SA2 2019 — Methodist Girls

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