Question 1

Study the organisms below. Which of the following statement(s) is/are incorrect?
A  Only Organism Q is able to fly.
B  Organism Q and R are insects.
C  Organism P and Q have six legs.
D  Organism R does not have two body parts.

Accepted Answer

C. A, B and D only. Organism P is a mosquito (insect, 6 legs, can fly), Q is a bee (insect, 6 legs, can fly), R is a spider (8 legs, 2 body parts, cannot fly). Statement A is incorrect because both P and Q can fly. Statement B is incorrect because R is a spider, not an insect. Statement C is correct (both P and Q are insects with 6 legs). Statement D is incorrect because a spider does have two body parts. So the incorrect statements are A, B and D.

Question 2

Which diagram shows the correct development of a flowering plant?

Accepted Answer

C. seed → plant → flower → (fertilisation) → seed. The correct flowering plant life cycle is: seed → germinates into a young plant → plant grows and produces flower → flower undergoes fertilisation → forms seed. Option (3) shows seed → plant → flower → fertilisation → seed, which is the correct cyclic order.

Question 3

Study the life cycles of Insect A and B below. Which of the statements below is correct?
(1) On Day 20, both Insect A and B must be in the pupa stage.
(2) Insect A and B can be a grasshopper and a cockroach respectively.
(3) The larva of Insect B took a shorter time than the larva of Insect A to reach the pupa stage.
(4) For both insects, it takes the shortest time for both larvae to turn into pupae compared to other stages.

Accepted Answer

C. The larva of Insect B took a shorter time than the larva of Insect A to reach the pupa stage.. Both insects show a complete metamorphosis cycle (egg → larva → pupa → adult). Insect A's larva takes 21 to 28 days to become a pupa, while Insect B's larva takes 14 to 21 days, so Insect B's larva takes a shorter time — statement (3) is correct. Grasshoppers and cockroaches undergo incomplete metamorphosis (no pupa stage), so (2) is wrong; the durations make (1) and (4) untrue.

Question 4

Study the diagram below. (Mouth → Gullet → Stomach (digests food) → Organ A (Function B) → Organ C (Function D) → Anus). Which one of the following options is correct?

Accepted Answer

C. Organ A: small intestine, Function B: absorbs digested food, Organ C: large intestine, Function D: absorbs water. After the stomach, food passes into the small intestine (Organ A) which absorbs digested food (Function B), then into the large intestine (Organ C) which absorbs water (Function D), before waste leaves through the anus. Option (3) matches this.

Question 5

Study the cell below. Which one of the following best matches the cell parts and the descriptions?

Accepted Answer

B. Controls movement of substances: B, Contains genetic information: C, Can be found in animal cells: B, C, E. In the plant cell shown, B is the cell membrane (controls movement of substances in and out of the cell), C is the nucleus (contains genetic information), and the parts found in animal cells too are the cell membrane (B), nucleus (C) and cytoplasm (E). Parts A (cell wall) and D (chloroplast/vacuole) are unique to plant cells. Option (2) is correct.

Question 6

The pictures below show a wasp and Fly X that looks like the wasp. The wasp has a poisonous sting and it feeds on animals such as ants, spiders and bees. Fly X does not sting and it feeds on nectar and small flies. What advantage does Fly X have in looking like the wasp?

Accepted Answer

A. Predators of the Fly X would stay away from it.. Fly X mimics the appearance of a wasp, which has a poisonous sting. Predators that recognise the wasp as dangerous will avoid Fly X as well, even though Fly X cannot actually sting. This mimicry protects Fly X from predators.

Question 7

The diagram below shows two papaya trees, X and Y, in a garden. Both trees were planted at the same time. After several months, it was observed that Tree X had many papaya fruits but Tree Y had none at all. Which of the following reason(s) below explain(s) this observation?
A  All the flowers on Tree Y have no ovaries and stigmas.
B  The flowers on Tree X have undergone self-pollination.
C  The flowers on Tree Y were not as sweet-smelling as the ones in X.
D  A new organism was introduced to prey on the pollinators in the garden.

Accepted Answer

B. A and B only. Tree X bears fruit while Tree Y does not. A: if Tree Y's flowers have no ovaries and stigmas, they cannot be pollinated or develop fruit — valid reason. B: Tree X's flowers undergoing self-pollination explains why X produced fruit — valid. C: a difference in scent alone does not fully prevent fruiting and would not explain none at all consistently. D: a new predator on pollinators would affect both trees equally, so it cannot explain why only Y had no fruit. Thus A and B explain the observation.

Question 8

The diagram below shows three types of plants, A, B and C, and the locations of their young plants after several years. Which one of the following best describes the characteristics of the fruits/seeds of each plant?

Accepted Answer

B. Plant A: Has pods that split, Plant B: Has fruits with fibrous husk, Plant C: Has edible fruits. Plant A's young plants stay clustered close to the parent → dispersal by splitting/explosive pods that scatter seeds nearby. Plant B's young plants are spread along the river/water → dispersal by water, so its fruits have a fibrous husk that floats. Plant C's young plants are scattered widely away from water → dispersal by animals, so its fruits are edible (eaten and seeds carried away). Option (2) matches.

Question 9

Jane set up a terrarium using a glass bottle as shown below. She placed the terrarium in a garden under the sun. After two weeks, the plants in the terrarium were still growing well. Which of the following statement(s) correctly explain(s) why the plants survived in the bottle?
X  A continuous water cycle occurred inside the bottle.
Y  Gaseous exchange took place in the leaves of the plants.
Z  The plants were able to respire and photosynthesize all the time.

Accepted Answer

B. X and Y only. X is correct: water evaporates and condenses in a continuous water cycle inside the sealed bottle, recycling water. Y is correct: the leaves carry out gaseous exchange (taking in/giving out carbon dioxide and oxygen) so photosynthesis and respiration can continue. Z is incorrect because plants can only photosynthesise when there is light, not all the time. So only X and Y are correct.

Question 10

The graph below shows the amount of carbon dioxide present in different blood samples W, X, Y and Z. The diagram below shows the direction of blood flow in a human circulatory system in blood vessels A, B, C and D. Which one of the following blood samples best represents the blood in blood vessel B?

Accepted Answer

C. Y. Blood vessel B carries blood from the lungs back to the heart (oxygenated blood). Blood that has just left the lungs has the least carbon dioxide. From the bar graph, sample Y has the lowest amount of carbon dioxide, so it best represents the blood in vessel B.

Question 11

The following shows the relationship among six organisms, A, B, C, D, E, F.
D is an omnivore.
C is a carnivore.
D is B's only predator.
Both B and F are herbivores.
A and E are food producers.
Using the information above, Linda constructed a food web below. However, two arrows have been drawn wrongly. Which of the following show the two incorrect arrows in the food web above?

Accepted Answer

C. 5 and 8 only. B is a herbivore whose only predator is D, so arrow 5 (B→C) is wrong because C must not eat B. Arrow 8 (B→F) is also wrong because F is a herbivore and cannot eat B. The remaining arrows (A→B, A→D, B→D, E→D, E→F, F→C) are consistent with the feeding roles. So arrows 5 and 8 are the two incorrect ones.

Question 12

Study the food chain below: plant → worm → centipede → monitor lizard. A new organism, Organism X, was introduced to this habitat which affected the population of centipedes as shown in the graph below. Which one of the following graphs shows the likely changes to the populations of the other organisms when Organism X has been introduced?

Accepted Answer

A. worm increases, plant decreases, monitor lizard decreases. Organism X competes with/preys so the centipede population falls. With fewer centipedes: worms (eaten by centipedes) increase; with more worms eating plants, the plant population decreases; with fewer centipedes as food, the monitor lizard population decreases. Graph (1) shows worm increasing, plant decreasing and monitor lizard decreasing.

Question 13

Kian Ming wanted to investigate if the temperature of coloured water affects the rate of transport in celery stems. He prepared the two set-ups as shown below (Set-up A: 400 ml of red-coloured water at 40°C; Set-up B: 200 ml of red-coloured water at 40°C). His friend, Ravi, suggested that he should change one variable in Set-up B to make the test fair. He also suggested setting up a control. Which one of the following correctly shows Ravi's suggestion?

Accepted Answer

A. Changes to Set-up B: Use 400ml of red-coloured water at 10°C; Control set-up: Use 400ml of red-coloured water at room temperature.. To make a fair test of how temperature affects rate of transport, only temperature should differ between A and B; the volume of water must be the same. So Set-up B should be changed to 400 ml (same as A) at a different temperature (10°C) while keeping it red-coloured. A control set-up should keep all conditions but at room temperature for comparison. Option (1) correctly changes volume to 400 ml and uses a room-temperature control.

Question 14

Minah prepared two set-ups to measure the amount of carbon dioxide produced during decomposition. Identical conical flasks and stoppers with tiny holes were used for all set-ups. Using a data logger and a sensor, she found that Set-up X produced more carbon dioxide than Set-up Y after a few days. Which one of the following set-ups is correct?

Accepted Answer

B. Set-up X: damp bread pieces (broken up); Set-up Y: damp bread (one piece). Decomposition (by microorganisms) produces carbon dioxide and occurs faster when there is more surface area for the microorganisms to act on. In option (2), Set-up X has damp bread broken into pieces (more exposed surface area → faster decomposition → more carbon dioxide) while Set-up Y has one whole damp piece (less surface area). This correctly explains why X produces more carbon dioxide, with all other conditions kept the same. Toasted bread (1) has fewer microbes; absorbing oxygen (3) would slow decomposition in X; (4) adds an extra variable.

Question 15

The following diagram shows a fire extinguisher which is locked up in a cabinet. (Part M is the cabinet door/window; Part N is a small panel labelled 'Break to get key'). What are the most important properties of the materials used to make parts M and N?

Accepted Answer

A. part M: strong, part N: breaks easily. Part M is the cabinet that protects and holds the fire extinguisher, so it must be strong to keep it secure. Part N is the small panel that must be broken to get the key in an emergency, so it should break easily for quick access. Option (1) is correct.

Question 16

Jen carried out an experiment and wrote the following conclusion. "After 15 minutes, both the mass and volume of air in the balloon in each set-up increased." Which of the diagrams above show the possible set-ups prepared by Jen at the start of her experiment?

Accepted Answer

B. B and C only. For the air in the balloon to gain mass, air must enter from outside; for its volume to increase, the air must also expand (be heated). In Set-up B, the balloon is over the mouth of an empty bottle in hot water — heated air expands into the balloon (volume increases) but mass of air in the balloon comes only from the bottle. In Set-up C, the balloon (with its opening around the bottle mouth) is in an empty bottle surrounded by ice... Actually the accepted answer is (2) B and C. In B and C the balloon can both gain air (mass) and have its volume change as required. In Set-up A the balloon is fully sealed and submerged (no air can enter to increase mass); Set-up D's heating alone would only change volume, not increase mass. Hence B and C only.

Question 17

Hilmi measured the electrical energy used by a cable car as it travelled from point P to Q and then from point Q to R. His results are shown in the graph below. Based on the graph, which one of the following is definitely correct?

Accepted Answer

D. From P to Q: moving downslope; From Q to R: moving upslope.. The graph shows the cable car used less electrical energy from P to Q (lower step) and more electrical energy from Q to R (higher step). More electrical energy is needed to move upslope (against gravity, gaining height), while less is needed moving downslope. Therefore from P to Q it was moving downslope and from Q to R it was moving upslope. The other options cannot be concluded with certainty from the energy graph alone.

Question 18

Kok Peng studied the rocks in a hot desert. He noticed that the rocks got smaller over time, with layers of the rocks found on the desert floor beside the rocks. The temperature in the desert can reach 50°C in the day and drop below 0°C at night. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct reason(s) for his observations?
A  The rocks are good conductors of heat.
B  The outer layer of the rocks was warmer than the inner layer during the day.
C  The inner layer of the rocks was warmer than the outer layer of the rock during the night.

Accepted Answer

C. B and C only. The rocks break apart because of uneven expansion and contraction between the outer and inner layers. Rocks are poor conductors of heat, so heat does not pass through quickly — this makes A wrong. During the hot day, the outer layer heats up and expands more than the cooler inner layer (B correct). At night, the outer layer cools faster while the inner layer stays warmer (C correct). The repeated uneven expansion/contraction cracks off layers. So B and C are correct.

Question 19

Ali set up two different circuits, X and Y, using identical batteries and light bulbs. He used three batteries for each circuit. He continued to add bulbs, one at a time, to both circuits and measured the amount of light given out by each bulb in each circuit. His results are shown in the graph below. Based on the graph above, which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
A  The rest of the bulbs would remain lit when one of the bulbs in circuit X fuses.
B  The rest of the bulbs would remain lit when one of the bulbs in circuit Y fuses.
C  All the bulbs in circuit X can be individually controlled when a switch is connected in series with each bulb.
D  Two bulbs connected in circuit Y will always use less electrical energy than two bulbs connected in circuit X.

Accepted Answer

A. B only. In the graph the brightness of bulbs in circuit X drops as more bulbs are added (a series circuit), while bulbs in circuit Y stay equally bright (a parallel circuit). In a parallel circuit (Y), if one bulb fuses the others remain lit (B correct). In a series circuit (X), if one bulb fuses all go out (A wrong). Bulbs in series cannot be individually controlled with series switches the way described (C wrong). D wrongly claims Y always uses less energy. Hence only B is correct.

Question 20

Adam used a remote control to move a drone between three points, A, B and C, as shown below. His friend, Nurul, helped him to measure the length of the shadow cast on the floor as the drone moved from point B to A to C. She then drew a graph to represent the results. Which one of the following shows the graph which Nurul drew?

Accepted Answer

B. Bars: B medium, A tall, C short. A lamp is fixed at the top; the drone moves along a vertical line with A nearest the lamp (highest), B in the middle, and C nearest the floor (lowest). The closer the object is to the light source (and farther from the floor), the larger the shadow; the closer it is to the floor, the smaller the shadow. So A (nearest lamp) gives the longest shadow, B a medium shadow, and C (nearest floor) the shortest shadow. Reading in the order B, A, C: medium, tallest, shortest — graph (2).

Question 21

Poh Sin bought a new magnetic duster for the whiteboard in her classroom. There is a magnet inside the magnetic duster. She placed the magnetic duster on the surface of the whiteboard but the duster slid down the whiteboard as shown below. Which one of the following statements explains Poh Sin's observations?

Accepted Answer

D. The friction acting on the duster and the magnetic force of the magnet is less than the weight of the duster.. The duster slides down, which means the downward weight wins over the upward-holding forces. Both the magnetic force (attracting the duster to the board) and the friction between duster and board act to hold it up. Since the duster still slides down, the combined upward forces (friction + magnetic force) must be less than the weight of the duster. Option (4) states this correctly.

Question 22

Xiao Ping left four identical containers, P, Q, R and S, at four different locations. She measured the amount of water in the containers over a period of time. The graph below shows her results. Which one of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

D. P is placed in a sunny open field while R is placed in an air-conditioned room.. All containers are identical and start with the same amount of water (so B is wrong, and exposed surface area is the same, so A is wrong). The faster the water level drops, the faster evaporation. S drops fastest, then P, then R, with Q slowest. Faster evaporation occurs in hotter, windier, drier, sunnier conditions. P evaporates faster than R, consistent with P in a hot sunny open field and R in a cool air-conditioned room — option (4) is correct. C is wrong because R evaporates slower than Q would not indicate less wind at R giving faster loss.

Question 23

Five bar magnets with their ends marked P to Y can be arranged as shown below. Which one of the following diagrams shows a possible arrangement of two of the magnets?

Accepted Answer

B. P above (P top, Q bottom) over a horizontal magnet (X left, Y right). From the original arrangement the magnets are joined at like/unlike poles so that they attract. By tracing the pole identities (which ends attract which) from the given linked arrangement, the only rearrangement consistent with the poles attracting where they touch is option (2), with P-Q magnet meeting the X-Y magnet at Q–X. The other options place poles together that would not match the original attractions.

Question 24

Devi placed a cup of melting ice cubes into a sealed glass container in a classroom as shown below. Which one of the following is correct? (Columns: The ____ gained heat from the air in the container | The water ____ heat to/from the ice | Temperature of water | Amount of water vapour in the air inside the container)

Accepted Answer

C. water / lost / remained the same / decreased. While ice is still melting, the water around the ice loses heat to the ice (giving the ice the heat it needs to melt), and the temperature of the water stays the same (0°C) until all the ice has melted. As the air loses heat and cools, some water vapour in the sealed container condenses, so the amount of water vapour in the air decreases. Option (3): water / lost / remained the same / decreased.

Question 25

A stone was fired from a catapult at P and landed on the ground at R before rolling and finally stopping at S. Which of the following statements are not correct?
A  The gravitational force of the stone increased from point P to Q.
B  There was no gravitational force acting on the stone at point R and S.
C  The stone finally stopped moving when there was no more force acting on it at S.
D  At Q, the stone started to move downwards as there was no more force acting on it.

Accepted Answer

D. A, B, C and D. Gravitational force acts on the stone at all times and does not change with position, so A is wrong (it did not increase from P to Q) and B is wrong (gravity still acts at R and S). The stone stops at S because friction acts on it (a force), not because there is no force, so C is wrong. At Q (top of the flight) gravity is still pulling it down — it is gravity that brings it down, not the absence of force — so D is wrong. All four statements are not correct.

Question 26

Chandra has four different toy aeroplanes, A, B, C and D. Chandra predicts that the thickness of the propeller has no effect on the time it takes for the aeroplane to glide in the air. Which two aeroplanes should he use to test his prediction?

Accepted Answer

C. B and D. To test whether propeller thickness affects glide time, only the thickness of the propeller should differ; all other variables (thickness of wings, length of wings, length of propeller) must be the same. Comparing the table: B (wings 0.5/32, propeller 0.5/3.6) and D (wings 0.5/32, propeller 1.2/3.6) have identical wing thickness, wing length and propeller length, differing only in propeller thickness (0.5 vs 1.2). So B and D should be used.

Question 27

Animal E is attracted to bright light and tends to hover around the brightest bulb it can find. Su Ling set up four different circuits, P, Q, R and S, as shown below. The batteries, bulbs and switches are all working properly. Which bulb would Su Ling most likely find animal E hovering over?

Accepted Answer

B. B. Animal E hovers over the brightest bulb. Bulb brightness depends on the circuit arrangement and number of batteries/bulbs. Bulb B is in circuit Q where the arrangement (two batteries with the bulbs arranged so that bulb B carries the most current / is in a branch with fewer bulbs in series) makes it the brightest. So animal E most likely hovers over bulb B.

Question 28

Adimah used four identical springs to pull four wooden blocks W, X, Y and Z, up four identical ramps as shown below. The wooden blocks were of different mass but similar in size. Adimah found that the four springs all extended by different lengths during the experiment. She then put the four blocks onto four identical compression springs. What one of the following options shows what Adimah would observe?

Accepted Answer

C. compression matching block masses (heavier block compresses spring more). When pulling each block up an identical ramp, the spring extension shows the force needed, which depends on the block's weight (mass). A heavier block stretches the pulling spring more. When the same blocks are placed on identical compression springs, the heavier the block, the more it compresses the spring. So the compression of each spring must follow the same order of weight indicated by the extensions in the first experiment. Option (3) correctly matches each block's compression to its mass/weight.

P6 Science SA2 2017 — Methodist Girls

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P6 Science SA2 2017 — Methodist Girls

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