P6 Science SA1 2025 — Methodist Girls

Which of the following group of animals has dry scaly skin?

Blood flows through blood vessels from P to S as shown. . Which blood vessels transport blood richer in oxygen?

Which statement about the human digestive system is correct?

Plant H grows well in areas with clean air. The diagram shows plant H growing near a factory which gives out polluted gases. . Based on the diagram, in which direction was the wind blowing?

Which of the following about photosynthesis is correct? [Table with columns 'gas taken in', 'gas given out', 'light needed': (1) carbon dioxide / oxygen (struck) / no; (2) carbon dioxide / oxygen / yes; (3) oxygen / carbon dioxide / no; (4) oxygen (struck) / carbon dioxide / yes]

On an island, there are only two types of organisms, J and K. J is the prey of K. Which graph shows what happens to J and K when a predator of K is introduced? [Graphs of 'Number of organism' vs 'Time' for J (dashed) and K (solid)]

A substance has to pass through various parts of a plant cell before reaching the nucleus. Which of the following shows the correct order of these parts?

The diagrams below show the reproductive systems in a plant and human respectively. [Plant diagram labels L (anther), M (stigma), N (style), O (ovary); Human diagram labels X (testis)]. Which part L, M, N or O has a similar function to X?

Belle prepared two similar set-ups, R and S, as shown in the diagram. She gave both set-ups the same amount of water and placed them in the sun for one day. [Set-up R: plant in pot inside glass jar; Set-up S: plant in pot inside glass jar covered with black cloth]. Which of the following correctly shows the amount of carbon dioxide in R and S throughout the day?

Alex picked a fruit in the garden. He wanted to find out if the fruit was dispersed by water by carrying out the following actions. A. Check the fruit for stiff hairs. B. Measure the mass of the fruit. C. Cut the fruit to see if it was fibrous. D. Pour water over the fruit to see if it absorbs water. Which of the actions would allow Alex to conclude whether the fruit was dispersed by water?

The diagrams below show the adaptations of some animals, A, B, C and D. (A) Carrying an air bubble in water — spider; (B) Increasing its body size when in danger — pufferfish; (C) Having moist skin and lungs — frog; (D) Having a sharp beak — bird. Which of the following are adaptations for breathing methods?

The diagram shows trees growing on a slope. . The trees remain on the slope even after a period of heavy rainfall. Which of the following correctly shows the explanation?

The graph below shows the average temperature on Earth over a period of 20 years. [Graph: line increasing steadily over time]. Which of the following explain(s) the changes in the temperature over 20 years? A. Using recyclable bags. B. Overfishing of a certain species. C. Increase in the number of cars on the road. D. Clearing large areas of forests to build houses.

A certain type of green fruit gives off a gas P. When this fruit is stored together with some fresh flowers in a box, gas P causes the flowers to wither quickly. Without gas P, the flowers would remain fresh for a longer time. Carol carried out an experiment to find out if substance X can remove gas P. She used two similar plastic boxes, A and B, with lids. In box A, she placed some fresh flowers, the green fruit and substance X, as shown below. To ensure a fair experiment, which of the following should Carol place in box B?

Object P is placed around an oil spill to prevent the oil from spreading further on the sea water. . What are the properties of the material used to make object P?

Which of the following is not an example of the effects of a force?

Naura set up an experiment as shown in the diagram below. [Circuit diagram with battery, bulbs B1, B2, B3, B4 and switches S1 (between B1 and B2 branch) and S2 (between B1 and battery)]. Which of the following bulbs, B1, B2, B3 and B4, will be lighted up when both switches S1 and S2 are opened?

The table below shows the melting and boiling points of substances A and B. [Table — Substance A: melting point 170°C, boiling point 425°C; Substance B: melting point 160°C, boiling point 210°C]. At which temperature are substances A and B in different states of matter?

Gus tried to separate two metal basins, A and B, that were stuck together but he was not able to do so. . What can Gus do to separate the basins in the shortest amount of time? A. Pour hot water into basin A. B. Pour cold water into basin A. C. Place basin B into a tray of hot water. D. Place basin B into a tray of cold water.

Shawn set up three electromagnets, X, Y and Z as shown below. . Which of the following shows the correct order of the strength of the electromagnets, starting from the strongest to the weakest?

A ball was attached to a string as shown. The ball was released at position A. The ball swung to position B and then to position C. . Which of the following graphs best represents the amount of gravitational force acting on the ball at positions A, B and C?

Hussain hung a metal weight on material A as shown below. He measured the increase in the length of material A and repeated the experiment with three different materials, B, C and D. He recorded his results in the table below. . The diagram below shows a catapult. Which material is best used for part R?

The graph below shows the change in temperature of a liquid in a beaker over a period of one hour. [Graph: P starts at 80°C and falls to 30°C at Q; QR is horizontal at 30°C; RS rises to a peak at S; ST falls back down to T at 60 min]. A. The liquid was freezing at Line QR. B. The boiling point of the liquid is 80°C. C. Line ST involved a loss of heat energy. D. A heat source was introduced at point R. Based on the graph, which of the following(s) is / are definitely true?

Gary bends and breaks the light stick as shown below to light up a dark room. . Which of the following correctly explains why he can see his light stick clearly?

The diagram shows a phone holder with an iron block on its top. James placed a magnet M on the back of his phone to attach it to the holder. . Which of the following explains why the phone remains attached to magnet M?

A cup of crushed ice was placed in an air-tight container. After some time, water droplets were formed outside the air-tight container as shown below. . Which of the following best represents the temperature at Positions A, B and C? [Table: (1) A=33, B=21, C=15; (2) A=15, B=21, C=0; (3) A=15, B=15, C=15; (4) A=33, B=21, C=0]

Marcus has a toy gun that gives out light and sound when the trigger is pressed. After some time, he notices that there is only sound, but not light, coming out from the toy gun when he presses the trigger. Which of the following correctly identifies the electric circuit in the toy gun?

Ali shone a lighted torch at three different cardboard cut-outs, P, Q and R. He placed these cut-outs at different distances from the torch as shown below. . The diagram below shows what he observed on the screen. [Diagram: bell-shaped/triangle shadow inside a circular ring]. Which of the following correctly represents cut-outs P, Q and R? [Options show P, Q, R as combinations of circle (outline), triangle (filled), or solid circle (filled)]

The diagram below shows a food web of a community. . (a) Based on the food web above, state the relationship between organism T and organism W. [1] (b) How many food producers are there in the food web? [1] (c) Ravi said that organism Y is a prey of organism T. Do you agree? Explain your answer. [1] (d) A disease caused large numbers of organism R to die. Explain how this would affect the population of organism X. [1]

Jim conducted an experiment to find out how the speed of wind affects the distance a seed travels. He dropped a seed from a certain height in front of a fan as shown in the diagram below. He measured the distance travelled by the seed for various fan speeds and recorded the results in the table as shown. [Table — Fan speed low/medium/high; Distance travelled (m) 1.2/1.5/2.2]. (a) Based on Jim's results, explain how the seed benefits when it is dispersed by stronger wind. [1] (b) State the relationship between the fan speed and the distance travelled by the seed. [1] (c) Jim wanted to find out if the length of the wings of the seed affects the distance the seed travelled. What two changes should he make to his previous experiment to investigate this new aim? 1st change: 2nd change: [2]

The diagram below shows a bacterium, which is a single-celled living thing. . (a) Identify a part of the bacteria cell not found in animal cells. [1] (b) Identify a part of an animal cell not found in the bacteria cell. [1] Bacteria S live in our bodies. In small amounts, they are not harmful, but in large amounts, they can cause humans to become very ill. If a doctor finds out that there is some bacteria S living in our body, he will give us medicine to kill all bacteria S, even if we may not be ill to begin with. (c) Give a reason why we should take medicine to kill bacteria S even though there may only be a small amount in our body. [1] Someone who is ill because of bacteria S must take enough medicine to kill all bacteria S to get better. However, if he takes too much medicine, the medicine may harm his body instead. The graph below shows the amount of medicine needed to kill all bacteria S in the body, as well as the amount that will cause harm to the body, for three different types of medicine, A, B and C. [Bar graph: A — needed-to-kill is high, harm threshold slightly higher; B — needed is low, harm just above; C — needed is low, harm is very high]. (d) Based on the graph, which medicine, A, B or C, is the safest medicine to take? Explain your answer. [1]

(a) State a difference between the human circulatory system and the plant transport system. [1] A farmer found many tiny insects feeding on the food made by plant X by inserting its mouthpiece into its stem. The diagram below shows section A of the stem. The arrows show the directions in which two different substances are being transported in separate tubes, P and Q. . (b) Based on the information above, which tube, P or Q, would the insect insert its mouthpiece into to obtain the food from the plant? Explain your answer. [1] The tiny insects produced drops of sweet, sticky substance from their bodies. (c) Large ants could be found near these tiny insects but do not feed on them. Explain why it is an advantage for the large ants to be near the tiny insects. [1]

The human lungs contain air sacs as shown in the diagram below. . (a) How does having many air sacs in the lungs affect the rate of gaseous exchange? [1] A person chokes due to a chunk of food being stuck in the windpipe. [Diagram: windpipe with chunk of food blocking it]. (b) Based on the diagram above, explain why choking leads to difficulty in breathing. [2]

Siti has a fish tank as shown in the diagram below. . (a) State the number of populations in the fish tank. [1] Siti conducted an experiment to measure the amount of oxygen present in the water of her fish tank at different temperatures. Her results are shown in the graph below. [Graph: amount of oxygen decreases as temperature increases]. Siti noted that the breathing rate of the fish increased when the temperature of the water in the fish tank increased. (b) Using the results of the experiment, explain this observation. [2] Siti observes animal S curling its soft body into its hard shell when it is resting. [Diagram: snail with hard shell and soft body]. (c) Explain how curling its soft body benefits animal S. [1]

Ella conducted an experiment on springs A and B. She hung various loads one at a time and recorded the length of the spring. Her results are shown in the graph below. [Graph: Spring A starts at 10cm at 0g load and rises steeply; Spring B starts at 20cm at 0g load and rises less steeply]. (a) Name the force exerted on the spring when loads were hung. [1] (b) Based on the graph, state the original lengths of spring A and spring B. (i) Spring A: _____ cm (ii) Spring B: _____ cm [1] (c) What should Ella do to ensure the results are reliable? [1]

Gina has a star-shaped jar. . (a) Describe one way to find the volume inside the jar. [2] The volume inside the jar is 100 cm³. Gina has 100 similar lucky stars. Each star has a volume of 1 cm³. [Diagram: star-shaped jar filled with lucky stars]. (b) Explain why Gina cannot put all 100 stars into the jar. [1]

Fiona wanted to investigate if the amount of potential energy is affected by the height of the object using the set-up below. . She released the ball from a certain height into a container of sand. The ball created a circular dent and she measured the depth of the dent. She repeated the experiment using balls of various mass and height of release. Her results are shown below. [Table — Set-up D: mass 40g, height 50cm, depth 6cm; Set-up E: mass 30g, height 40cm, depth 2cm; Set-up F: mass 40g, height 40cm, depth 5cm]. (a) State the energy conversion of the ball from A to B. [2] (b) After each reading was taken, Fiona used a ruler to even out the surface of the sand before she repeated the experiment. Explain why she did that. [1] (c) What can Fiona conclude about the height of the ball on potential energy? [1] Fruit G and fruit H dropped from the same tree when they were ripe. [Diagram: fruit G 1kg, fruit H 2kg]. (d) Fiona concluded that fruit H had more potential energy than fruit G when dropped from the same height. Using the results from her experiment, explain how she arrived at this conclusion. [1]

Isaac removed a piece of wet tissue through an opening in the packet after a run. . (a) When Isaac wiped his face with the wet tissue, his face felt cold. At that moment, a strong wind blew and his face felt even colder. Explain why his face felt even colder when a strong wind blew. [2] Isaac's mother advised him to close the opening of the packet. [Diagram: closed packet]. (b) Explain how closing the opening of the packet ensures the tissue does not dry quickly. [2]

Bulbs J, K, L and M were connected in a circuit hidden in a paper lantern shown below. All the light bulbs lit when the circuit was closed. . The table below shows the observations made when a bulb is removed each time. [Table — J removed: K, L and M lit; K removed: None lit; L removed: J and K lit; M removed: J and K lit]. (a) Using the observations in the table above, complete the circuit in the diagram above to show how the bulbs were connected. [2] (b) Suggest a way to make all the bulbs shine brighter. [1] (c) Hassan saw a shadow cast by the paper lantern on the wall. State the property of light for a shadow to form. [1]

Jennifer conducted an experiment as shown. . She measured the temperature of water in cups P and Q over a period of time. Her results are shown in the graph below. [Graph: P drops more steeply, Q drops more slowly]. (a) Based on the graph, which cup, P or Q, is more suitable to serve ice-cream and keep it frozen for a longer period of time? Explain why. [2] The picture below shows animal R with a thick layer of fur. There are air pockets among the fur. [Diagram: fox-like animal with thick fur and air pockets]. (b) Based on the results of Jennifer's experiment, explain how the air pockets help animal R survive in its cold environment. [1]