Question 1

Study the classification chart as shown below carefully.
Which of the following headings correctly represents Groups J and K?

Accepted Answer

(2) Group J: Reproduce from seeds, Group K: Reproduce from spores. Group J contains Papaya, Coconut, and Hibiscus, which are all flowering plants that reproduce from seeds. Group K contains Moss, Mushroom, and Bird's nest fern, which are non-flowering plants that reproduce from spores. Option (2) correctly identifies these reproductive characteristics for both groups.

Question 2

Study the classification chart below.
Which of the following represents animals C, D and E?

Accepted Answer

(2) C: mosquito, D: butterfly, E: grasshopper. The classification chart distinguishes animals based on whether their young look like the adult and where they lay eggs. 
- 'The young does not look like the adult' (undergoes metamorphosis) splits into 'lays its eggs in water' (C) and 'lays its eggs on land' (D).
- 'The young looks like the adult' (E) includes animals with direct development or incomplete metamorphosis where young resemble adults.
- Mosquitoes (C) undergo complete metamorphosis, young do not look like adults, and they lay eggs in water.
- Butterflies (D) undergo complete metamorphosis, young do not look like adults, and they lay eggs on land.
- Grasshoppers (E) undergo incomplete metamorphosis, and their young (nymphs) generally look like smaller versions of the adult.
Therefore, option (2) correctly represents C as mosquito, D as butterfly, and E as grasshopper.

Question 3

The diagram shows how water and sugar move through different parts, S, T, U and V, of a plant.
Which of the letters represent the parts of the plant correctly?

Accepted Answer

(2) Root: U, Stem: V, Leaf: S. Water (dashed line) is absorbed by the roots and transported upwards through the stem to the leaves. Thus, U represents the root, V represents the stem, and S represents the leaf. Sugar (solid line) is produced in the leaves (S) and transported throughout the plant, including the stem (V) and storage organs like roots (T).
Matching these to the options: Root is U, Stem is V, Leaf is S. This corresponds to option (2).

Question 4

The diagram below shows different types of cells.
Ken made the following statements.
X Cells B and C have a cell membrane each but Cell A does not.
Y Cell C has chloroplasts but Cells A and B do not.
Z Cell A is an animal cell but Cells B and C are plant cells.
Which statement(s) is/are correct?

Accepted Answer

(4) Y and Z only. Cell A has an irregular shape and lacks a cell wall, typical of an animal cell. Cell B and Cell C have a rigid, rectangular shape and a distinct cell wall, characteristic of plant cells. Cell C also clearly shows chloroplasts.
Statement X: All living cells, whether plant or animal, have a cell membrane. So, 'Cell A does not' is false.
Statement Y: Chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis and are found in plant cells exposed to light. Cell C clearly shows chloroplasts. Animal cells (A) and root plant cells (B) typically do not have chloroplasts. So, Y is correct.
Statement Z: Based on their structures, Cell A is an animal cell, and Cells B and C are plant cells. So, Z is correct.
Therefore, statements Y and Z are correct.

Question 5

A flower with both male and female parts is shown in the diagram below.
Which letters represent the female reproductive parts of the flower?

Accepted Answer

(3) A, E, F and G only. The female reproductive parts of a flower (the pistil or carpel) consist of the stigma, style, ovary, and ovules.
- A is the stigma, the receptive tip for pollen.
- E is the style, connecting the stigma to the ovary.
- F is the ovary, which contains the ovules.
- G is an ovule, located inside the ovary.
B (anther) and C (filament) are parts of the male reproductive organ (stamen). D is a petal.
Therefore, A, E, F, and G represent the female reproductive parts.

Question 6

The map below shows the seed dispersal pattern of three types of plants, Δ and X, growing in an area.
Based on the map, which one of the following describes the characteristics of the fruit or seed of the plants?

Accepted Answer

(2) Plant □: pod-like structure, Plant Δ: fibrous husk, Plant X: wing-like structure. The dispersal patterns indicate the method of dispersal and thus the seed/fruit characteristics:
- Plant □: Seedlings are clustered very close to the parent plant, suggesting explosive dispersal (e.g., from a pod-like structure that bursts). 
- Plant Δ: Seedlings are dispersed in a particular direction following a 'direction of water' arrow. This indicates water dispersal, typically by buoyant structures like a fibrous husk (e.g., coconut).
- Plant X: Seedlings are widely scattered following a 'direction of wind' arrow. This indicates wind dispersal, usually by light seeds with wing-like structures or hairs.
Option (2) best matches these interpretations: Plant □ with pod-like structure, Plant Δ with fibrous husk, and Plant X with wing-like structure.

Question 7

The diagram below shows how substances R and S are transported in a human body.
What are systems P and Q and substances R and S?

Accepted Answer

(1) System P: circulatory, System Q: respiratory, Substance R: carbon dioxide, Substance S: oxygen. System P is shown transporting substances between System Q and 'other parts of the body'. This represents the blood transport system, which is the circulatory system. System Q is where gas exchange happens with the outside environment (implied by the two arrows from P to Q and Q to P), which is the respiratory system (lungs).
- Substance R flows from 'other parts of the body' (cells) to System P, then to System Q to be expelled. This identifies R as carbon dioxide (waste product).
- Substance S flows from System Q (lungs) to System P, then to 'other parts of the body' (cells) to be used. This identifies S as oxygen.
Therefore, System P is circulatory, System Q is respiratory, Substance R is carbon dioxide, and Substance S is oxygen. This matches option (1).

Question 8

A group of scientists observed the conditions in three different habitats, B, C and D, and recorded their observations in the table below.
Based on their observations, which of the following conclusions is/are correct?
W Most of the organisms in Habitat D live in water.
X Organisms in Habitat B can most probably survive in Habitat C.
Y Organisms in Habitat B can most probably survive in dark and damp environments.
Which statement(s) is/are correct?

Accepted Answer

(4) X and Y only. Let's analyze the conditions in each habitat and the statements:
- Habitat B: Temperature 30-35°C, Light 100 units, Moisture 90% (warm, moderate light, very damp).
- Habitat C: Temperature 29-34°C, Light 105 units, Moisture 85% (warm, moderate light, very damp).
- Habitat D: Temperature 0-3°C, Light 2000 units, Moisture 10% (very cold, very bright, very dry).

Statement W: Habitat D is very cold (0-3°C) and very dry (10% moisture). Organisms in water typically require higher moisture (100%) and often warmer temperatures. So, W is incorrect.
Statement X: Habitat B and C have very similar temperature, light, and moisture conditions. Therefore, organisms adapted to Habitat B would very likely survive in Habitat C. So, X is correct.
Statement Y: Habitat B is very damp (90% moisture). While 100 units of light is not 'dark' in absolute terms, it is significantly less light than Habitat D (2000 units), implying organisms there might tolerate lower light levels. Many damp environments can also be dark (e.g., under leaf litter, caves). Given the dampness and relatively lower light, it's plausible that organisms adapted to Habitat B could survive in dark and damp environments. So, Y is considered correct in this context.
Therefore, X and Y are correct.

Question 9

Three Four statements were made about decomposers.
A All decomposers are microorganisms.
B Decomposers make their own food in the presence of light.
C Decomposers help to break down animal wastes into simpler substances.
Which statement(s) is/are correct?

Accepted Answer

(1) C only. Let's evaluate each statement:
Statement A: Not all decomposers are microorganisms. Examples like earthworms and some fungi (e.g., mushrooms, which are macroscopic) are decomposers but not microorganisms. So, A is false.
Statement B: Decomposers (like bacteria and fungi) are heterotrophs; they obtain energy by breaking down dead organic matter. They do not perform photosynthesis to make their own food. So, B is false.
Statement C: Decomposers are essential in ecosystems for breaking down dead organisms and waste products into simpler substances, returning nutrients to the environment. So, C is correct.
Therefore, only statement C is correct.

Question 10

Study the food chain below carefully.
plant → caterpillar → bird
After the birds were removed, some events (A, B, C and D) took place.
A Population of plants decreased.
B Population of caterpillars decreased.
C Caterpillars did not have enough food.
D Population of caterpillars increased sharply.
Which one of the following shows the correct order of events?

Accepted Answer

(4) D→A→C→B. If the birds (predators of caterpillars) are removed from the ecosystem:
1.  The population of caterpillars will increase sharply due to the absence of their predators. (D)
2.  With more caterpillars, they will consume more plants, leading to a decrease in the plant population. (A)
3.  As the plant population decreases, the caterpillars will eventually face a shortage of food. (C)
4.  Due to the lack of food, the population of caterpillars will then decrease. (B)
Thus, the correct sequence of events is D → A → C → B.

Question 11

Zen covered a part of the leaf with a piece of aluminium foil as shown in the diagram below.
After a day, she plucked the leaf and conducted iodine tests on four different areas, P, Q, R and S, on the leaf and recorded her results in the table below.
Based on the results obtained, which one of the following diagrams correctly shows areas P, Q, R and S on the leaf?

Accepted Answer

(1) Diagram 1. The iodine test detects starch. Blue-black indicates starch (photosynthesis occurred), and brown indicates no starch (no photosynthesis).
- Aluminium foil blocks light, preventing photosynthesis and starch production.
- Results: S is brown (no starch), meaning it was fully covered by foil. P shows 'traces of dark blue', suggesting it was partially covered or at the edge of the foil, receiving minimal light.
- Q and R are dark blue (starch present), meaning they were fully exposed to light.
Diagram (1) correctly shows S entirely under the foil, P at the edge of the foil, and Q and R fully exposed to light. This matches the experimental results.

Question 12

Kate cut out four different shapes from the same type of sponge. She pierced a stick through each shape and displayed them in trays as shown in the diagram below.
She sprinkled 50 g of flour over the top of each shape and measured the amount of flour collected in each tray. The results are recorded in the table below.
During winter, if trees collect too much snow, there is a high chance that their branches will crack and collapse onto the ground. Based on the results of Kate's experiment, which of the following trees can most likely adapt to survive in a habitat with a large amount of snow?

Accepted Answer

(1) Tree 1 (conical/pyramidal shape). Trees that are well-adapted to snowy habitats should shed snow efficiently to prevent branches from breaking. In the experiment, the 'flour collected in the tray' represents the amount of flour that *fell off* the sponge, simulating snow shedding. A higher amount of flour collected in the tray means more shedding.
- Set-up P: 32 g collected
- Set-up Q (conical): 45 g collected
- Set-up R: 13 g collected
- Set-up S: 27 g collected
Set-up Q, with its conical shape, collected the most flour (45 g), indicating it shed the most 'snow'. Therefore, a conical tree shape is best adapted to shed snow. Tree (1) in the options has a conical shape, similar to Set-up Q.

Question 13

Corals are found in the sea. Their poisonous tentacles are used to capture other animals. They have translucent bodies which protect them from harmful ultraviolet rays. They attach themselves to rocks in order to form a group which increases their chances of reproduction.
Which of the following adaptations are identified correctly?

Accepted Answer

(3) Structural Adaptation: poisonous tentacles, Behavioural Adaptation: attaches itself to a rock to form a group. Structural adaptations are physical features of an organism, while behavioural adaptations are actions or ways an organism behaves.
- 'Poisonous tentacles' are a physical feature (structure) used for capturing prey. Thus, it's a structural adaptation.
- 'Translucent bodies' are a physical characteristic (structure) for protection. Thus, it's a structural adaptation.
- 'Attach themselves to rocks in order to form a group' is an action taken by the coral for reproduction. Thus, it's a behavioural adaptation.
Option (3) correctly identifies 'poisonous tentacles' as a structural adaptation and 'attaches itself to a rock to form a group' as a behavioural adaptation.

Question 14

The diagram below shows a set of earphones attached to a handphone.
What are the properties that make the materials suitable to make the wire and the handphone screen?

Accepted Answer

(3) Wire: flexible, Handphone screen: light can pass through. For the earphone wire:
- It needs to be a good conductor of electricity to transmit sound signals.
- It needs to be flexible so it can be bent, coiled, and moved without breaking.
For the handphone screen:
- It must allow light to pass through so the user can see the display.
- It should also be durable and scratch-resistant.
Option (3) states 'Wire: flexible' and 'Handphone screen: light can pass through', which are both crucial and correct properties.

Question 15

Study the flow chart below.
Which one of the following correctly represents F and G?

Accepted Answer

(4) F: steam, G: cloud. Let's follow the flowchart:
- 'Is it a matter?' Yes → 'Does it have a definite shape?' No (meaning it's a liquid or gas) → 'Can it be compressed?'
- If Yes to 'Can it be compressed?', then F. Gases are highly compressible. So, F must be a gas.
- If No to 'Can it be compressed?', then G. Liquids are largely incompressible. So, G must be a liquid.
- Steam is water in its gaseous state and is compressible. So, F = steam is correct.
- Clouds consist of tiny liquid water droplets or ice crystals suspended in air. While the air component is compressible, a cloud as a whole, represented by its condensed water phase, is often considered incompressible in the context of pure states of matter (like a liquid). So, G = cloud is plausible.
Therefore, option (4) where F is steam (gas, compressible) and G is cloud (mostly incompressible liquid droplets) is the most suitable.

Question 16

Jean cut out three different shapes of the same height from a piece of cardboard. She wanted to observe the shadow formed by the shapes when they were arranged in a straight line. The diagram below shows the set-up with the shapes labelled A, B, and C.
The shadow formed by the three objects on the screen is shown below.
Which of the following shows the shapes of A, B and C correctly?

Accepted Answer

(4) Shape A: vertical rectangle, Shape B: triangle with a circular hole, Shape C: circle. The torch casts shadows of the opaque objects A, B, and C onto the screen. The diagram shows the objects arranged linearly: A, then B, then C. The composite shadow on the screen will reflect the silhouettes of these objects in that order.

The shadow shown consists of a vertical rectangular section on the left, followed by a triangular section in the middle, and a circular section on the right. For option (4) to be correct, Object A must be a vertical rectangle, Object B must be a triangle with a circular hole, and Object C must be a circle. If Object B has a hole, its shadow would typically also have a bright spot (no shadow) corresponding to the hole. The provided shadow diagram appears to show a solid triangle in the middle, which contradicts Object B having a hole. However, assuming option (4) is the intended correct answer, the visual depiction of the shadow might be a simplification where the hole in B is not discernible.

Question 17

The table below shows the melting and boiling points of substances A and B.
At which temperature are substances A and B in the same state of matter?

Accepted Answer

(3) X and Z only. Let's determine the state of matter for each substance at the given temperatures: Substance A: Melts at 20°C, Boils at 110°C. (Solid < 20°C, Liquid 20-110°C, Gas > 110°C) Substance B: Melts at 5°C, Boils at 90°C. (Solid < 5°C, Liquid 5-90°C, Gas > 90°C) Now check the test temperatures: - W (15°C): A is Solid (15 < 20). B is Liquid (5 < 15 < 90). Different states. - X (45°C): A is Liquid (20 < 45 < 110). B is Liquid (5 < 45 < 90). Both are Liquid. Same state. - Y (100°C): A is Liquid (20 < 100 < 110). B is Gas (100 > 90). Different states. - Z (115°C): A is Gas (115 > 110). B is Gas (115 > 90). Both are Gas. Same state. Substances A and B are in the same state of matter at temperatures X (Liquid) and Z (Gas).

Question 18

A copper rod was taken out from a refrigerator and placed immediately into a basin of hot water as shown below.
Which one of the following graphs below shows the temperature of the copper rod and water over a period of time?

Accepted Answer

(2) Graph 2. Initially, the copper rod is cold (from the refrigerator) and the water is hot. Heat will transfer from the hotter object (water) to the colder object (copper rod) until thermal equilibrium is reached, meaning both objects will eventually reach the same intermediate temperature.
- The water temperature will decrease.
- The copper rod temperature will increase.
- The rate of temperature change will be fastest initially when the temperature difference is greatest, and will slow down as the temperatures approach equilibrium.
Graph (2) correctly depicts this: the water temperature (dashed line) starts high and decreases, curving downwards. The copper rod temperature (solid line) starts low and increases, curving upwards. Both lines meet at an intermediate temperature and then remain constant.

Question 19

Rahim and his friends conducted an experiment. Rahim poured the same amount of water into three different containers, X, Y and Z. He then placed the containers under the sun. The graph shows the amount of water left in each container over time.
After the experiment, Rahim and his friends made the following statements.
A Water in container X has the highest rate of evaporation.
B Water in container Z has the smallest exposed surface area.
C Water in container Y has a greater exposed surface area than container X.
Which statement(s) is/are correct based on the graph above?

Accepted Answer

(3) A and B only. The graph shows the 'Amount of liquid (ml)' remaining over 'Time (h)'. A steeper downward slope indicates a faster rate of evaporation.
- Container X has the steepest slope, meaning water evaporated fastest.
- Container Y has an intermediate slope.
- Container Z has the gentlest slope, meaning water evaporated slowest.

Statement A: Water in container X has the highest rate of evaporation (its line drops most steeply). So, A is correct.
Statement B: Evaporation rate is directly proportional to the exposed surface area. Container Z has the slowest evaporation rate, implying it has the smallest exposed surface area. So, B is correct.
Statement C: Container Y has a slower evaporation rate than container X. This means container Y must have a *smaller* exposed surface area than container X, not a greater one. So, C is false.
Therefore, statements A and B are correct.

Question 20

The diagrams below show four different electrical circuits, A, B, C and D.
In which of the above circuits do the bulbs have the same brightness?

Accepted Answer

(4) C and D. The brightness of identical bulbs in a circuit depends on the current flowing through them, which is determined by the voltage supplied to each bulb.
- Circuit A: Two bulbs in series. Voltage is shared, so bulbs are dimmer.
- Circuit B: Two bulbs in parallel. Each bulb gets full battery voltage, so they are brighter.
- Circuit C: One bulb in series. This bulb gets the full battery voltage.
- Circuit D: One bulb in series. This bulb also gets the full battery voltage.
Bulbs in circuits C and D both receive the full battery voltage individually, so they will have the same current flowing through them and thus the same brightness. Circuits A and B will have different brightnesses compared to C and D, and also to each other.

Question 21

Kate has a toy carousel operating on batteries. It has a platform turned by a motor, a canopy which can light up and a speaker which plays music.
Kate turned on the two switches, X and Y, and her observations of the toy carousel are shown below.
Which of the following shows the arrangement of the electrical circuit in the toy carousel?

Accepted Answer

(4) Circuit Diagram 4. Let's analyze the observations:
1.  Both X and Y on: Canopy lit, Platform turned (motor), Speaker played. (All components work).
2.  X only on: Canopy NOT lit, Platform turned (motor), Speaker played. (Motor and Speaker work, Canopy does not).
3.  Y only on: Canopy lit, Platform NOT turned (motor), Speaker NOT played. (Canopy works, Motor and Speaker do not).

From these observations:
- Switch Y controls the Canopy (since Canopy works when Y is on, and is off when Y is off and X is on).
- Switch X controls the Motor and Speaker (since Motor and Speaker work when X is on, and are off when X is off and Y is on).
- The Motor and Speaker are connected such that they operate simultaneously when X is on, and the Canopy operates independently when Y is on. This implies two parallel branches originating from the battery, one for the canopy (with switch Y) and one for the motor/speaker (with switch X).

Circuit Diagram (4) shows a battery connected to two parallel branches. One branch contains switch Y and the canopy (bulb) in series. The other parallel branch contains switch X, the motor (M), and the speaker (S) all in series. This configuration perfectly matches all the observations.

Question 22

A box is connected to a circuit tester as shown below.
When the circuit is closed, the bulb lights up. Which one of the following correctly shows what is in the box?

Accepted Answer

(3) All metal wires in series with a plastic ring. For the bulb to light up, there must be a complete circuit, meaning the material inside the box must be a conductor of electricity. Metal rings and metal wires are conductors, while plastic rings are insulators.
- Option (1) shows metal rings in parallel, which would conduct. 
- Option (2) shows plastic rings, which are insulators, so the bulb would not light up.
- Option (3) shows metal rings connected in series by metal wires. This creates a continuous path of conductors. Although a plastic ring is also depicted within the box, it is not shown as being directly in the series path that completes the circuit, implying the metal components form the conductive path. This setup would allow current to flow and light the bulb.
- Option (4) shows alternating metal and plastic rings in series. The plastic rings would break the circuit, preventing the bulb from lighting up.
Given the answer key points to (3), it implies the metal rings and wires form a complete conductive path for the current, with the plastic ring being an incidental item in the box or not interfering with the circuit's completion.

Question 23

Ali wants to find out if an object has more gravitational potential energy if it is dropped from a greater height onto a block of plasticine.
Which two set-ups should he use to conduct a fair test?

Accepted Answer

(4) B and D. The experiment aims to investigate the effect of 'greater height' on gravitational potential energy. For a fair test, only the independent variable (height) should be changed, while other variables (mass of the object, mass/type of plasticine) are kept constant.

Let's analyze the given set-ups:
- A: 10g object, highest height, 100g plasticine.
- B: 10g object, lowest height, 200g plasticine.
- C: 10g object, medium height, 100g plasticine.
- D: 20g object, lowest height, 200g plasticine.

To test the effect of 'greater height', we need set-ups with the same object mass and same plasticine mass, but different heights. Set-ups A and C fit this criterion (10g object, 100g plasticine, different heights).

However, the provided answer key is (4), which corresponds to set-ups B and D. Set-ups B and D have the same height (lowest height shown) and same plasticine mass (200g), but different object masses (10g vs 20g). This pair would be suitable for a fair test to investigate the effect of *mass* on gravitational potential energy, not height. While this pair forms a valid fair test, it does not address the stated aim of the experiment regarding 'greater height'. Assuming the key is correct, the question might implicitly be testing the ability to identify any valid fair test from the options, or there is a discrepancy between the question's stated aim and the intended answer.

Question 24

Muthu took a roller coaster ride with his friend at an amusement park. The roller coaster car travelled from position P to R to S to T.
Which of the following statement(s) correctly describe(s) the roller coaster car?

Accepted Answer

(2) A and B only. Let's analyze the energy at different points:
- Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE) is highest at the highest points. Kinetic Energy (KE) is highest at the lowest points where speed is greatest.
- Position R is the highest point on the track, so GPE is maximum there. Positions Q and S are where the car is moving, so it has KE.

Statement A: The car possesses kinetic energy at Q and S. At Q, the car is moving downwards from P, and at S (the top of the loop), it is also in motion. So, A is correct.
Statement B: The car has more gravitational potential energy at R than at S. Position R is visibly higher than position S (the top of the loop). GPE is directly proportional to height. So, B is correct.
Statement C: There is less frictional force acting on the car at T than other positions. Frictional force (including air resistance) acts throughout the motion of the roller coaster, opposing its movement. There's no inherent reason for it to be *less* at T (the end of the ride) compared to other positions where the car is moving. In fact, if the car is slowing down, friction is actively working. So, C is likely incorrect.

Therefore, statements A and B are correct.

Question 25

A wooden block slid down a plastic slope after it was released from the top as shown in the diagram below.
The graph below shows the amount of the different types of energy of the block at position X.
The experiment was repeated with the surface of the slope pasted over with sandpaper.
Which one of the following graphs shows the amount of different types of energy of the block at position X?

Accepted Answer

(1) Graph 1. When the block slides down the slope, its gravitational potential energy (GPE) is converted into kinetic energy (KE) and heat energy due to friction. Position X is a specific point on the slope, so the potential energy at that height remains constant, regardless of the surface.
When the slope is covered with sandpaper, the friction increases significantly. This means:
- More GPE will be converted into heat energy due to increased friction.
- Consequently, less GPE will be converted into kinetic energy, meaning the block will be moving slower at position X.
- The potential energy at position X (due to its height) remains unchanged.

Comparing the original graph (Kinetic: medium, Potential: low, Heat: low) with the options:
Graph (1) shows Potential energy remaining the same, Heat energy significantly increasing, and Kinetic energy significantly decreasing. This accurately reflects the effect of increased friction.

Question 26

Evan carried out an experiment and hung Magnet X from a spring. The original length of the spring was 6 cm. He placed Magnet Y below Magnet X and observed the length of the spring as shown in the diagram below.
Next, he flipped Magnet Y over so that its south pole was facing Magnet X. What would be the likely length of the spring now?

Accepted Answer

(4) 7 cm. Initial setup: The original length of the spring is 6 cm. Magnet X has its N-pole facing downwards. Magnet Y has its N-pole facing upwards. Therefore, the N-N poles are facing each other, resulting in a repulsive force. The diagram shows the spring's length as 4 cm. This means the repulsive force has compressed the spring by 6 cm - 4 cm = 2 cm.

Second setup: Magnet Y is flipped so its S-pole faces Magnet X. Now, Magnet X's N-pole faces Magnet Y's S-pole. This results in an attractive force between the magnets.

If the repulsive force caused a 2 cm compression, an attractive force of a similar magnitude would typically cause a 2 cm extension. This would result in a new length of 6 cm + 2 cm = 8 cm. However, 8 cm is not an option.

Considering the given options, if the new length is 7 cm, it implies an extension of 1 cm (7 cm - 6 cm = 1 cm). This suggests that the attractive force in the second scenario (N-S) caused less deformation (1 cm extension) than the repulsive force in the first scenario (2 cm compression), possibly due to the magnets being further apart or non-linear spring properties, though not explicitly stated. Based on the options, 7 cm is the most plausible choice implying a net extension.

Question 27

Sue attached a spring balance to two boxes, A and B, of the same mass as shown below.
She pulled the spring balances slowly on a table until the boxes move with a constant speed. She recorded the amount of force required to pull each box in the table below.
Which of the following statements explains the difference in the amount of force required to pull the boxes?

Accepted Answer

(2) Y only. The problem states that Box A and Box B have the same mass. The force required to pull the boxes at a constant speed is equal to the frictional force acting on them. Box A required 25 units of force, while Box B required 70 units of force, indicating that Box B experienced higher friction.

Let's evaluate the statements:
Statement X: 'The mass of Box A was less than Box B.' This is false, as the problem explicitly states they have the 'same mass'.
Statement Y: 'Lubricant was applied to the bottom of Box A.' Lubricants reduce friction. If Box A had a lubricant, its friction would be lower, explaining why less force was needed to pull it. So, Y is correct.
Statement Z: 'Box A was made of a rougher material than Box B.' If Box A was rougher, it would experience *more* friction, requiring *more* force to pull. Since it required less force, it must be smoother. So, Z is false.

Therefore, only statement Y is correct.

Question 28

The diagram below shows Zachary jumping up and down on a trampoline.
Which of the following graphs shows the amount of gravitational force acting on him as he jumps from positions A to B and lands at C?

Accepted Answer

(4) Graph 4. Gravitational force (weight) acting on an object near the Earth's surface depends on the object's mass and the gravitational field strength (g). As Zachary jumps, his mass remains constant, and the gravitational field strength 'g' is effectively constant over the relatively small height he travels. Therefore, the gravitational force acting on him remains constant regardless of his position (A, B, or C) during the jump.
Graph (4) correctly illustrates this, showing a constant amount of gravitational force at all three positions (A, B, and C).

P6 Science SA1 2021 — Methodist Girls

Related Sparks

P6 Science SA1 2021 — Methodist Girls

Related papers

Related Sparks