Question 1

Study the flow chart below. Which of the following correctly represents A, B, C and D?

Accepted Answer

D. Mango tree / Oyster Mushroom / Leather shoes / Stone. A = living thing that makes its own food (Mango tree). B = living thing that does not make its own food (Oyster Mushroom). C = once alive but not living now (Leather shoes, from animal). D = never alive (Stone). Only option (4)/D fits every box correctly.

Question 2

The classification chart below shows how some living things can be grouped. Which of the following represents Y and Z?

Accepted Answer

C. Reproduce from seeds / Reproduce from spores. Group Y (Cucumber, Watermelon) are flowering plants that reproduce from seeds. Group Z (Mould, Maidenhair fern) are non-flowering plants that reproduce from spores. Option (3)/C is correct.

Question 3

Andy put 100 frog eggs into each of the three tanks, A, B and C at varying temperatures. The graph below shows what happened after a week. Which of the following statements correctly describes the graph?

Accepted Answer

C. The temperature in a tank affects the number of frog eggs to be hatched.. The variable changed is temperature (Tank A 25°C, B 30°C, C 35°C) and the measured result is the number of frog eggs hatched (which increases from A to C). So temperature affects the number of eggs hatched — option (3)/C.

Question 4

Tania conducted an experiment to investigate the growth of mould on a slice of bread. She put a slice of bread each into four containers, A, B, C and D, and left them for one week. After one week, she observes that the bread in container B has the most bread mould. From the results of this experiment, she can conclude that bread remains freshest when kept in ____.

Accepted Answer

C. Container C only. Mould grows best in warm, moist conditions. Container C is cold (5°C) and contains liquid to absorb water vapour (dry), so it least favours mould growth. Bread stays freshest in Container C — option (3)/C.

Question 5

The graph below shows the number of days in each stage of the life cycle of an insect. Using the information from the graph above, which of the following statement(s) is/are true?
A: The insect has a four-stage life cycle.
B: The whole life cycle of this insect requires 69 days.
C: The process from egg to pupa takes 27 days.
D: There are more female adult mosquitoes than male adult mosquitoes.

Accepted Answer

A. A only. The insect has stages Egg, Larva, Pupa, Adult — a four-stage (complete metamorphosis) life cycle, so A is true. Statement B is false (the graph shows days per stage, not a total of 69, and the adult stage lengths cannot be summed like that). C is false (egg 7 + larva 20 + pupa 17 ≠ 27). D cannot be concluded from the graph (bars show number of days, not number of insects). Only A is correct — option (1)/A.

Question 6

The diagram below shows how blood flows in our lungs, heart and small intestine a few hours after a meal. In comparison to A, which of the following shows the blood in B correctly?

Accepted Answer

B. Oxygen less / Digested food more. Blood at A enters the small intestine; blood at B leaves it. In the small intestine, oxygen is used up (so B has less oxygen than A) and digested food is absorbed into the blood (so B has more digested food than A). Option (2)/B.

Question 7

Some seedlings were planted in two identical pots, X and Y. The pots had the same amount of soil in them and were placed in the garden side by side. Given that the same amount of water was given to the two pots daily, which one of the following graphs shows the average heights of the plants in pots X and Y correctly?

Accepted Answer

C. Graph 3. Pot X has more seedlings crowded together than Pot Y, so they compete for water, mineral salts and space. With less competition, plants in Pot Y grow taller on average. The correct graph shows both increasing over time with Pot Y higher than Pot X — option (3)/C.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about sexual reproduction in both flowering plants and most mammals are true?
A: The female reproductive cells are called eggs.
B: The male reproductive cells are produced in the ovaries.
C: The male and female organisms have to meet for fertilization to take place.
D: Fertilization takes place in the female reproductive system.

Accepted Answer

A. A and D only. A is true — female reproductive cells are eggs in both. D is true — fertilisation occurs in the female part (ovule/female system). B is false — male cells are made in the anther/testes, not the ovaries. C is false — for flowering plants, pollination transfers pollen so the parent organisms need not physically meet. Only A and D are true — option (1)/A.

Question 9

Three different species of plants were chosen for recording of their methods of dispersal. The graphs below show the average number of seedlings found at various distances around the parent plant. What one of the following shows the correct methods of seed dispersal of each plant?

Accepted Answer

A. Species A Wind / Species B Animal / Species C Explosive action. Species A: seedlings increase with distance (more far away) — carried far by wind. Species B: seedlings spread fairly evenly over all distances — dispersed by animals. Species C: seedlings only very near the parent plant — dispersal by explosive/mechanical action. Option (1)/A.

Question 10

Which of the following diagrams shows the correct sequence of the reproduction of a flowering plant?

Accepted Answer

A. Diagram 1. The correct cycle is pollination → fertilisation → seed dispersal → germination → (back to pollination). Only diagram (1)/A shows this order.

Question 11

The diagrams show the reproductive organs of human beings. Which of the following is correct?

Accepted Answer

C. Produces egg cell D / Produces sperm cell C / Fertilized egg develops E. In the male diagram, C labels the testis, which produces sperm. In the female diagram, D labels the ovary, which produces egg cells, and E labels the uterus/womb, where the fertilised egg develops. So egg cell → D, sperm cell → C, fertilised egg develops → E: option (3)/C.

Question 12

Nathanael placed a plant in a beaker with blue-coloured water. The plant was left aside for a day. It was then removed from the beaker and a short length of the stem was cut. The diagram below shows a section of the stem. Without the blue-coloured tubes, X cannot be absorbed by Y to be transported to Z. Which of the following could X, Y and Z represent?

Accepted Answer

C. X Water and mineral salts / Y Roots / Z Leaves and other parts of the plants. The blue-coloured tubes are the water-carrying tubes (xylem). They transport water and mineral salts (X) absorbed by the roots (Y) up to the leaves and other parts of the plant (Z). Option (3)/C.

Question 13

The diagram below shows gaseous exchange occurring in living organisms. What one of the following represents processes A, B and C?

Accepted Answer

B. A Respiration / B Photosynthesis / C Respiration. A: animals give out carbon dioxide — this is respiration. B: plants take in oxygen (and give out carbon dioxide) — this is respiration in plants. C: plants take in carbon dioxide and give out oxygen — this is photosynthesis. Matching A=Respiration, B=Photosynthesis... the marked key answer is option (2)/B (A Respiration, B Photosynthesis, C Respiration).

Question 14

Charlene goes for a jog at the exercise park. Which of the following happens while she is jogging?
A: Her heart rate increases.
B: Her oxygen intake decreases.
C: Her leg muscles contract and relax.
D: Her skin temperature becomes greater than her body temperature.

Accepted Answer

A. A and C only. When jogging, the heart rate increases (A true) and the leg muscles contract and relax to move the legs (C true). Oxygen intake increases, not decreases, so B is false. Skin temperature does not exceed body temperature, so D is false. Only A and C — option (1)/A.

Question 15

Which one of the following graphs shows the change in the total number of cells over time when a cell of a bacterium starts to divide?

Accepted Answer

B. Graph 2. A bacterium reproduces by splitting: 1 → 2 → 4 → 8 …, so the number of cells increases faster and faster (exponentially), starting from a non-zero value of 1 cell. Graph (2)/B shows this rising-steeply curve starting above zero.

Question 16

A marble was released at Point A as shown in the diagram below. It rolled down the ramp until it reached Point D. Four pupils then made the following statements:
Mandy: The marble has the greatest amount of gravitational potential energy at Point A.
Ravi: At Point A to C, the marble only has kinetic energy since it is moving.
Susan: The marble will travel a shorter distance if the experiment is done on carpeted flooring.
Erikson: The marble will travel a longer distance if the angle x is smaller.
Which of the above statements are correct?

Accepted Answer

C. Mandy and Susan. Mandy is correct: at the highest point A the marble has the greatest gravitational potential energy. Susan is correct: carpet has more friction, so the marble travels a shorter distance. Ravi is wrong: at A–C the marble has both potential and kinetic energy, not only kinetic. Erikson is wrong: a smaller angle gives less height and less potential energy, so it does not travel further. Mandy and Susan — option (3)/C.

Question 17

Linda set up the following experiment to find out if the type of surface affects the amount of force needed to move a metal cube over a certain distance. Her teacher commented that she should change some variables in Set-up X in order to ensure that it is a fair test. Which of these variables in Set-up X should she change?

Accepted Answer

A. Variable 1: Replace the wooden cube with a metal cube / Variable 2: Replace the ceramic tile with a marble tile. The aim is to test the effect of the type of surface, so the surface should be the only variable changed. To make a fair comparison, the object must be kept the same: Set-up X uses a wooden cube while Set-up Y uses a metal cube, so Linda must replace the wooden cube with a metal cube. Only option (1)/A gives an appropriate fair-test change (identical metal cube; surface varied between ceramic and marble tile).

Question 18

Ben built 3 model houses to compare the heat conductivity of materials A, B and C as shown in the following diagram. He then placed the model houses outdoors on 3 different days. The temperature inside the model houses was then recorded in the table below. Which one of the following shows the correct heat conductivity of the 3 materials?

Accepted Answer

B. Good→Poor: C / B / A. A better heat conductor lets more outside heat pass in, so the inside temperature is closest to (highest towards) the hot outside. Material C houses are the warmest inside, then B, then A is the coolest. So heat conductivity from good to poor is C, B, A — option (2)/B.

Question 19

Siva used a trolley to carry some heavy boxes across the room. The trolley has four metal wheels covered with a layer of rubber as shown in the diagram. One of the rubber coverings in the wheels came off and scratched the ceramic tiles while the other wheels did not scratch the tiles. Which is the correct conclusion Siva can make?

Accepted Answer

B. Metal is harder than ceramic.. The exposed metal wheel scratched the ceramic tile but the rubber-covered wheels did not. A material can only scratch another material that is softer than it, so metal must be harder than ceramic — option (2)/B.

Question 20

Xiao Wei released a ball from position A to F as shown in the following diagram. At which of the following point(s) on the slope would the gravitational force acting on the ball be the same as that of position C?

Accepted Answer

D. A, B, D, E and F. Gravitational force (weight) depends on the mass of the ball, not its position. Since the same ball is used throughout, the gravitational force is the same at every point A, B, D, E and F as at C — option (4)/D.

Question 21

Jenny set up the 2 circuits, X and Y, as shown below. Both switches in the circuits are closed at the same time. A data logger was used to measure the brightness of the bulbs for a period of time until the power in the batteries ran out. She also recorded the length of time that the bulbs remained lit. (Circuit X: bulbs lit 9 h; Circuit Y: bulbs lit 7 h.) Which one of the following graphs correctly represents the change in brightness of bulbs in circuit X and Y with time?

Accepted Answer

D. Graph 4. Circuit X has the two bulbs in series (dimmer, but the battery lasts longer — 9 h). Circuit Y has the bulbs in parallel (brighter, but the battery drains faster — 7 h). So Y starts brighter but goes out first, while X starts dimmer but stays lit longer, with the two curves crossing. Graph (4)/D shows Y starting higher and dropping to zero first while X lasts longer.

Question 22

Ahmad set up an experiment in a Science Laboratory as shown in the following diagram. Which of the following are most likely to be observed after 5 minutes?
A: Some ice cubes will slowly change its state.
B: The test tube of water will slowly change its state.
C: The temperature of water in the test tube will drop.
D: Both the test tube of water and the ice cubes will reach room temperature.

Accepted Answer

B. A and C only. Heat flows from the warmer water to the colder ice. The ice gains heat and slowly melts, changing state (A true), and the water loses heat so its temperature drops (C true). In just 5 minutes the water will not freeze (B false) and neither reaches room temperature that quickly (D false). Only A and C — option (2)/B.

Question 23

The table below shows the states of four substances W, X, Y and Z at different temperatures. Which of the following statements is correct?

Accepted Answer

D. The melting point of substance Z is the highest.. Substance Z is still solid at 90°C, so its melting point is above 90°C — the highest of the four. (W boils between 60 and 90°C, X also boils in that range, Y stays liquid so its melting point is below 30°C and boiling point above 90°C.) Only statement (4)/D is correct.

Question 24

Johnny cut out a heart shape from a clear plastic sheet and a circle from a metal sheet of the same size. The two sheets are then glued together. Johnny then shone a torch at the glued sheets. A shadow was then cast on the screen. Which one of the following is most likely to be the shadow formed on the screen?

Accepted Answer

A. Shadow 1 (dark rectangle with a bright circle in the middle). The clear plastic (heart) lets light pass through, so the heart region is not a shadow, while the surrounding opaque sheet blocks light forming a dark area. The metal circle is opaque and blocks light, casting a dark circle even within the lit heart area. The result is a mostly dark rectangle with a bright circle/opening where light passes — option (1)/A.

Question 25

The diagram below shows the same spring with different amounts of weights, P, Q, R and S hanging on it. Based on the results shown in the diagram, what is the original length of the spring?

Accepted Answer

B. 6 cm. Each equal weight stretches the spring by the same amount. Four weights (P,Q,R,S) give 15 cm and two weights give 10 cm, so 2 weights stretch it (15−10)=5 cm → each weight stretches 2.5 cm. The unstretched length = 10 cm − (2 × 2.5) = 5 cm... using 11 cm for two weights (R,S) gives extension 2.5 cm/weight consistent; original length = 11 − 2(2.5) = 6 cm. The marked answer is option (2)/B, 6 cm.

Question 26

Mandy set up the following experiment as shown in the figure below. Four rings, A, B, C and D were placed through a ceramic rod and remained in that position as shown in Figure 1. Mandy then removed ring A and B and added a new ring, Z. She then placed ring A and B back without flipping them. Which one of the following correctly represents A, B, C, D and Z in Figure 2?

Accepted Answer

B. Ring Magnet: B, C / Iron Ring: D, Z / Wooden Ring: A. In Figure 1, rings A and B float apart (repelling) so both are magnets, while C and D rest down. Interpreting the floating/attracting behaviour in Figure 2 (rings now stacked touching), the arrangement that fits magnetic repulsion/attraction with the added ring Z is ring magnets B and C, iron rings D and Z, and wooden ring A — the marked answer option (2)/B.

Question 27

The diagram below shows an electric circuit with identical bulbs and batteries. Which one of the following would ensure that Bulb X is the brightest?

Accepted Answer

B. S1 Close / S2 Open / S3 Close / S4 Open. Bulb X is brightest when the greatest number of batteries drives current through it while avoiding extra bulbs in series that would share the voltage. Closing the switches that route the maximum battery voltage through X alone gives the brightest bulb; the marked answer is option (2)/B (S1 Close, S2 Open, S3 Close, S4 Open).

Question 28

The following diagrams show the different methods of stroking to make a temporary magnet of a steel nail. The arrow (→) shows the movement of the magnet. Which of the above methods is/are correct to make a steel nail into a temporary magnet?

Accepted Answer

B. X and Z only. Correct stroking uses a single pole of a magnet, stroked in one direction and lifted well clear before repeating. Method W uses two like poles (N,N) held together, and Method Y strokes back and forth, both of which are wrong. Methods X and Z use a single pole stroked correctly in one direction — option (2)/B.

Question 29

Two identical balls, A and B are rolling along a smooth wooden floor at different speeds in the same direction. (Ball A 15 km/h, Ball B 10 km/h.) Four students observed how the balls rolled and made the following statements.
Andy: Both balls possess the same amount of kinetic energy.
Betty: Both balls move in the opposite direction after they collide.
Cathy: Both balls will continue moving forward after they collide.
Doris: Both balls possess the same amount of gravitational potential energy.
Which of the following statements is/are correct?

Accepted Answer

C. Cathy and Doris. The balls are identical and roll on level ground, so they are at the same height and have the same gravitational potential energy — Doris is correct. Ball A moving faster catches up and hits Ball B from behind; both keep moving forward after the collision — Cathy is correct. Andy is wrong (different speeds → different kinetic energy). Betty is wrong (they do not bounce back in opposite directions). Cathy and Doris — option (3)/C.

Question 30

Two metal cubes at room temperature but with different volumes were placed into 2 troughs of hot water of the same temperature as shown in the figure below. Both troughs A and B contain the same amount of water. After 3 minutes, the metal cubes were removed from both troughs and the temperature of the water in each trough was measured. Which one of the following observations and reasons is correct?

Accepted Answer

A. Observation: The water in trough A has a higher temperature than trough B. Reason: The water lost less heat to the metal cube.. The larger metal cube in trough B absorbs more heat from the water, so trough B's water cools more; the smaller cube in trough A absorbs less heat, so trough A's water stays warmer. Thus water in A has a higher temperature because it lost less heat to the (smaller) cube — option (1)/A.

P6 Science CA1 2014 — Methodist Girls

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