Q: Study the flow chart below. Which letter is likely to represent clear glass? (1) E (2) F (3) G (4) H

(1) E. Let's follow the flowchart for clear glass: 1. 'Does it allow light to pass through?': Yes, clear glass allows light to pass through. 2. This leads to 'Does it break easily when dropped?': Yes, clear glass is brittle and breaks easily when dropped. Following this path, the answer is E. Therefore, E represents clear glass.

Question 1

There were two fish in a tank. After a few weeks, there were more than two fish in it.
Which of the following characteristic of living things best describes the observation after a few weeks?
(1) Living things reproduce.
(2) Living things need food.
(3) Living things respond to changes.
(4) Living things need sunlight to survive.

Accepted Answer

(1) Living things reproduce.. The observation shows an increase in the number of fish from two to 'more than two'. This directly demonstrates the characteristic of living things to reproduce, which means to produce offspring.

Question 2

The table below shows how things are being classified.
Which of the following is classified wrongly?
(1) A
(2) B
(3) C
(4) D

Accepted Answer

(2) B. The classification chart categorizes 'Things' into 'Living Things' and 'Non-living Things'. Option B, represented by a campfire, is incorrectly classified under 'Living Things' because a campfire is a non-living thing (it does not reproduce, grow, or respond in the biological sense). A dog and plant (A) are living, and a chair (C) and water bottle (D) are non-living, making B the wrongly classified item.

Question 3

Observe the two living things shown below.
Which of the following statements is correct?
(1) They are both plants.
(2) They reproduce by spores..
(3) They can make their own food.
(4) They feed on both plants and animals that are dead or alive.

Accepted Answer

(2) They reproduce by spores... Ferns are plants that reproduce by spores. Mushrooms are fungi and also reproduce by spores. Therefore, the statement that they both reproduce by spores is correct. Ferns are plants and can make their own food, but mushrooms are fungi and cannot, as they obtain food from dead or decaying matter.

Question 4

Study the classification chart and the three animals, X, Y and Z below.
Which of the following shows the correct classification of animals in P and Q?

P
Q
(1) Y
X
(2) Z
X
(3) Z
Y
(4) X
Y

Accepted Answer

(2) Z, X. According to the classification chart, P is under 'Have scales' and 'Moist skin'. A fish (Z) has scales and moist skin, so P = Z. Q is under 'Have scales' and 'Dry skin'. A snake (X) has scales and dry skin, so Q = X. A frog (Y) has moist skin but no scales, so it does not fit P or Q as defined under 'Have scales'. Therefore, the correct classification is P=Z and Q=X, which is option (2).

Question 5

Study the classification chart below.
Which of the following represents the correct headings used to classify the living things above?

A
B
C
D
(1) Make their own food, Do not make their own food, Reproduce by spores, Reproduce by seeds
(2) Make their own food, Do not make their own food, Reproduce by seeds, Reproduce by spores
(3) Do not make their own food, Make their own food, Reproduce by spores, Reproduce by seeds
(4) Do not make their own food, Make their own food, Reproduce by seeds, Reproduce by spores

Accepted Answer

(2) Make their own food, Do not make their own food, Reproduce by seeds, Reproduce by spores. A contains Rose Plant and Fern, both of which make their own food. So, A is 'Make their own food'. B contains Mushroom and Bacteria, both of which do not make their own food. So, B is 'Do not make their own food'. C is a Rose Plant, which reproduces by seeds. So, C is 'Reproduce by seeds'. D is a Fern, which reproduces by spores. So, D is 'Reproduce by spores'. This matches option (2).

Question 6

Animal D is shown in the diagram below.
Which of the following characteristics about animal D shows that it is not a bird?
(1) It has a tail.
(2) It has wings to help it to glide.
(3) It has eyes that can see in the dark.
(4) It has dry scaly skin on the back and side of its body.

Accepted Answer

(4) It has dry scaly skin on the back and side of its body.. Birds are primarily characterized by having feathers covering their bodies. Animal D is explicitly labeled as having 'dry scaly skin' on its body, which is a characteristic of reptiles, not birds. While birds have tails, wings, and can have good night vision, dry scaly skin is the defining feature that shows it is not a bird.

Question 7

Which of the following actions can help Shamady to test the flexibility of his plastic ruler?
(1) He can try to bend it.
(2) He can try to break it.
(3) He can put it on water.
(4) He can shine a light through it.

Accepted Answer

(1) He can try to bend it.. Flexibility is the ability of a material to bend without breaking. Therefore, trying to bend the plastic ruler is the most direct and appropriate action to test its flexibility.

Question 8

Meiling found object Y and recorded her observations about object Y below.
• It is flexible.
• It is not waterproof.
• It does not allow light to pass through
Which of the following could object Y be?
(1) Car tyre
(2) Glasses
(3) Eraser
(4) Towel

Accepted Answer

(4) Towel. Let's check each option against the observations:
- Flexible: Car tyre (yes), Glasses (no, frame is rigid), Eraser (yes), Towel (yes).
- Not waterproof: Car tyre (no, it is waterproof), Glasses (no, waterproof), Eraser (no, waterproof), Towel (yes, it absorbs water).
- Does not allow light to pass through: Car tyre (yes, opaque), Glasses (no, transparent), Eraser (yes, opaque), Towel (yes, opaque).
Only the towel matches all three characteristics: flexible, not waterproof, and does not allow light to pass through.

Question 9

Philip wanted to make a swing for his son. He tested out four different materials, A, B, C and D, to make part Z of the swing as shown in the diagram below.
In the experiment, Philip put weights on the seat of the swing and recorded the total weight that part Z could hold before it broke in the table below.
Based on the information in the table, which material should Philip use if his son weighs 24 kg?
(1) B only
(2) D only
(3) A or D
(4) A, B or D

Accepted Answer

(3) A or D. Philip's son weighs 24 kg, so the material for part Z must be able to hold at least 24 kg. Looking at the table:
- Material A holds 35 kg (which is ≥ 24 kg).
- Material B holds 23 kg (which is < 24 kg).
- Material C holds 20 kg (which is < 24 kg).
- Material D holds 52 kg (which is ≥ 24 kg).
Therefore, both Material A and Material D are suitable choices. This corresponds to option (3).

Question 10

Study the flow chart below.
Which letter is likely to represent clear glass?
(1) E
(2) F
(3) G
(4) H

Accepted Answer

(1) E. Let's follow the flowchart for clear glass:
1. 'Does it allow light to pass through?': Yes, clear glass allows light to pass through.
2. This leads to 'Does it break easily when dropped?': Yes, clear glass is brittle and breaks easily when dropped.
Following this path, the answer is E. Therefore, E represents clear glass.

Question 11

Junjie was eating a chicken wing with a fork. The fork broke when he tried to separate the meat with the fork as shown below.
Which of the following correctly shows the material used to make this fork and the reason why it broke?

Material
Reason
(1) plastic, It is flexible.
(2) metal, It is strong.
(3) plastic, It is not strong.
(4) metal, It is waterproof.

Accepted Answer

(3) plastic, It is not strong.. The fork broke when force was applied to separate meat, indicating a lack of strength. Plastic is generally not as strong as metal for cutlery and can break when subjected to sufficient force. Flexibility (1) does not explain breaking, and waterproofness (4) is irrelevant to strength. If it were strong metal (2), it would not have broken easily.

P3 Science SA1 2025 — Rosyth

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