Question 1

Which one of the following characteristics is true for both reptiles and mammals?
(1) Both animals lay eggs.
(2) Both animals breathe through their lungs.
(3) Both animals have the same outer covering.
(4) Both animals produce milk to feed their young.

Accepted Answer

2) Both animals breathe through their lungs.. Both reptiles (like the crocodile) and mammals (like the horse) are vertebrates that use lungs to breathe air. Laying eggs is common for most reptiles but not for most mammals (who give birth to live young). Their outer coverings are different (scales for reptiles, fur/hair for mammals). Producing milk to feed young is a characteristic unique to mammals.

Question 2

The table below shows the characteristics of four animals, A, B, C and D. A tick (✔) indicates that the animal has the characteristic.
Based on the table above, which animal is a bird?
(1) Animal A
(2) Animal B
(3) Animal C
(4) Animal D

Accepted Answer

2) Animal B. Birds are characterized by laying eggs and having wings, and they do not have six legs. Based on the table:
- Animal A: Has no listed characteristics.
- Animal B: Lays eggs (✔), Has wings (✔), and does not have 6 legs (no tick). These characteristics match those of a bird.
- Animal C: Has 6 legs (✔), but does not lay eggs or have wings. This describes an insect.
- Animal D: Lays eggs (✔), but does not have wings or 6 legs. A bird must have wings.

Question 3

Some pupils made the following statements about ferns and mushrooms.
Ali: Both ferns and mushrooms reproduce by spores.
Ben: Both ferns and mushrooms can survive without light.
Calvin: Both ferns and mushrooms are non-flowering plants.
Daniel: Both ferns and mushrooms can make their own food.
Which pupil had made the correct statement?
(1) Ali
(2) Ben
(3) Calvin
(4) Daniel

Accepted Answer

1) Ali. Ali's statement is correct: Ferns reproduce by spores, and mushrooms (which are fungi) also reproduce by spores.
Ben's statement is incorrect: Ferns are plants and need light for photosynthesis, while mushrooms (fungi) do not photosynthesize.
Calvin's statement is incorrect: Ferns are non-flowering plants, but mushrooms are fungi, not plants.
Daniel's statement is incorrect: Ferns can make their own food through photosynthesis, but mushrooms cannot; they are decomposers.

Question 4

The diagram below shows a car.
Part F
Which of the following is a suitable material to make part F and its correct reason?
Material | Reason
(1) metal | does not break easily
(2) metal | does not allow light to pass through
(3) glass | breaks easily
(4) glass | allows most light to pass through

Accepted Answer

4) glass | allows most light to pass through. Part F of the car is the windshield or window. The primary function of a car window is to provide visibility. Glass is the suitable material for this part because it is transparent and allows most light to pass through, enabling the driver to see clearly. Metal is opaque and would block vision, and while glass can break, its transparency is the key characteristic for windows.

Question 5

The diagram shows a pair of rubber gloves. Mrs Kok wears them when she washes the dishes.
Which of the following is the best reason for making the gloves out of rubber?
(1) Rubber is heavy.
(2) Rubber is waterproof.
(3) Rubber floats on water.
(4) Rubber does not allow most light to pass through. X

Accepted Answer

2) Rubber is waterproof.. Mrs Kok wears rubber gloves for washing dishes to protect her hands from water and detergents. The most important property of rubber for this purpose is that it is waterproof, preventing her hands from getting wet. The other options (heavy, floats, opacity) are not the primary reasons for choosing rubber for dishwashing gloves.

P3 Science SA1 2025 — Nanyang

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